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SOL Prep > Astronomy > Flashcards

Astronomy Flashcards

1
Q

planet

A

a body in space that orbits a star

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2
Q

moon

A

natural object that revolves around a planet

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3
Q

asteroid

A

smaller mass of rock in space

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4
Q

asteroid belt

A

found between Mars and Jupiter

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5
Q

comet

A

object in space made of ice and dust that orbits a star

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6
Q

meteorite

A

a space rock that lands on earth

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7
Q

meteor

A

a space rock that burns up in earth’s atmosphere

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8
Q

Kuiper Belt

A

found in the region near Pluto, full of asteroids and comets

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9
Q

Mercury

A

planet closest to the sun

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10
Q

Venus

A

2nd planet from the sun, hottest planet because of extreme greenhouse effect

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11
Q

Earth

A

3rd plant from sun, has one moon and water in solid, liquid, and gaseous states

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12
Q

Mars

A

4th planet from the sun

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13
Q

Jupiter

A

5th planet from the sun, largest planet with large red spot

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14
Q

Saturn

A

6th planet from the sun, rings

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15
Q

Uranus

A

7th planet from the sun, rotates on its side

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16
Q

Neptune

A

8th planet from the sun, blue color due to methane gas

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17
Q

Pluto

A

dwarf planet

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18
Q

inner planets

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars - small, rocky planets, orbit close to the sun

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19
Q

outer planets

A

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune - gas giants, orbit farther from sun, have moons and rings

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20
Q

rotation

A

spinning on axis = one day

21
Q

revolution

A

how long it takes a planet to orbit the sun = one year

22
Q

absolute magnitude

A

the brightness of a star

23
Q

parallax

A

the apparent shift of stars in position because the observer moves

24
Q

HR Diagram

A

a graph that shows the relationship between the brightness and temperature of stars

25
Q

galaxy

A

large collection of stars

26
Q

light year

A

the distance light travels in a year

27
Q

star

A

a large body in space that is made of gas and gives off light

28
Q

red shift

A

evidence that galaxies are moving away from each other and the universe is expanding

29
Q

Main sequence star

A

a star during the main part of its life cycle where it is using hydrogen as fuel

30
Q

Black hole

A

forms when a massive star collapses, so dense that light can’t escape it

31
Q

nebula

A

cloud of dust and gas where a star forms

32
Q

red giant

A

a star that has expanded and cooled and is using helium as fuel

33
Q

fusion

A

what is happening in stars to make energy - when two atoms join together

34
Q

supernova

A

an explosion when the core of a supergiant collapses

35
Q

white dwarf

A

a star that has collapsed and becomes much hotter and denser

36
Q

neutron star

A

the core of a supergiant that has collapsed but can be seen

37
Q

Sputnik

A

first artificial satellite launched into space

38
Q

Alan Shepard

A

first American in space

39
Q

Apollo 11

A

first landing on the moon

40
Q

Hubble Space Telescope

A

a space telescope used to study space elements

41
Q

International Space Station

A

an orbiting space satellite used for scientific and space research

42
Q

equinox

A

period of equal day and night

43
Q

solstice

A

when the sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator, the beginning of winter and summer

44
Q

seasons

A

caused by the tile of the Earth

45
Q

solar eclipse

A

when the moon passes directly between the sun and earth and casts and shadow over part of earth

46
Q

lunar eclipse

A

when earth passes between the sun and the moon and the earth’s shadow falls on the moon

47
Q

tides

A

the rise and fall of the ocean caused by the moon’s gravity

48
Q

neap tide

A

happens during first and third quarter moons when the difference between high and low tides is small

49
Q

spring tide

A

happens during the full and new moons when tides are very high and very low

SOL Prep (9 decks)

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