Astmul Flashcards

1
Q

Ce medicamente pot predispune la astm?

A

AINS (aspirina) poate induce astm.

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2
Q

Care e evolutia alergiilor pana la astm de a lungul vietii?

A

Dermatita atopica sugar
Alergii la mancare
Rinita alergica si alergii sezoniere
Astm

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3
Q

Ce se intampla daca un copil e expus inca de mic la diferiti agenti patogeni? (Bacterii, alergeni etc)

A

Scade riscul de a face astm

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4
Q

Ce infectie virala poate predispune la astm?

A

VSR-e asociat cu wheezing recurent la 5 ani si favorizeaza dezvoltarea unei hiperreactivitati bronsice si poate predispune la ASTM

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5
Q

Ce se recomanda in inf cu VSR pt a scadea sansele aparitiei astmului?

A

Vaccinarea anti VSR- dar nu garanteaza 100% ca n-o sa faca astm, doar scade sansele

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6
Q

Aspecte clinice importante pt astm

A

Suierat
Tuse deranjanta dim/noaptea
Trezire din somn din cauza tusei (in timpul noptii nu se secreta asa mult cortizol si se agraveaza inflamatia; pozitia orizontala favorizeaza acum mucusului)
Probleme de resp in anumite sezoane (iarna)
oboseste mai repede decat altii la efort fizic

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7
Q

Ce raluri se aud in astm?

A

Raluri sibilante cu wheezing (desi asta e absent in astmul sever ca fluxul de aer e f redus; sau in astmul comun se aude doar in expir ca e obstructie din cauza mucusului, edemului etc)
NU STRIDOR SAU CREPITATII

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8
Q

Ce teste se fac pt confirmarea dg de astm?

A

Spirometria (e scazut I Tiffneau)
Test cu bronhodilatator (mai mult de 12% si mai mult de 200ml in FEV1)

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9
Q

Ce testare se face pentru monitorizarea astmului sever cu alergii?

A

Oxidul nitric exhalat: in astmul eozinofilic, eozinofilele elibereaza oxid nitric ca raspuns la inflamatie
La fumatori cu astm FeNo o sa fie scazut

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10
Q

Bronhodilatatoare SABA

A

Salbutamol, se fol in exacerbari pt control rapid
Fenoterol

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11
Q

BD LABA

A

Formoterol-pe termen lung
Salmeterol

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12
Q

BD ULABA

A

vilanterol pt astm si bpoc

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13
Q

ICS

A

Budesonid, Beclometazona

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14
Q

Cand se foloseste tratamentul biologic cu blocanti ai R de IgE?

A

OMALIZUMAB: astm sever si alergii

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15
Q

Care sunt conditiile pentru aplicarea tratamentului biologic cu OMALIZUMAB?

A

Astm sever persistent, alergii, exacerbari frecvente, nr crescut de eozinofile, varsta mai mare de 6/12 ani in functie de tip

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16
Q

Cu ce se mai poate suplimenta tratamentul? (Gen ce poti sa dai non farmacologic)

A

Vitamina D (imp impotriva inf)
Reducerea fumatului/expunerea
Dieta bogata in legume, fructe, cereale, grasimi nesaturate
Probiotice, Prebiotice
Acizi grasi omega 3
Sa nu fie obez ca nu rasp la trat
Haloterapie-astm usor
Apa termala
Homeopatia