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ADULTs 1 > Asthma/COPD > Flashcards

Asthma/COPD Flashcards

1
Q

COPD IS WHEN A PT

A

CANNOT EXHALE ENOUGH

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2
Q

ASTHMA IS A

A

CONTRCITION PROBLEM

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3
Q

DEFINE STAUS ASTHMATICUS

A

MOST ECTREME FORM OF AN ASTHMA ATTACK, UNREPOSIVE TO BROCHODILATOR AND CORTICOSTERIODS. CHARACTERIZED BY SUDDEN SHORTNESS OF BREATH AND/ CANT SPEAK

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4
Q

DEFINE COR PULMONALE

A

PULMONARY ARTERY DISEASE D/T ENLARGEMTN/FAILURE OF THE RIGHT VENTRICLE AS RESPONSE TO INCREASE VASCULAR RESISTANCE/HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE IN THE LUNGS. RESULTS IN RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY BUTTTTT ACUTE OULMUNARY HEART DISEASE INITIALLY RESULTS IN DILATION

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5
Q

WHAT WOULD AN ABG VALUE LOOK LIKE EARLY IN ASTHMA ATTACK VS LATER

A

RESPIRORTY ALKALOSIS EARLY, RESPRITORY ACIDOSIS IF EPIOSDE IS PROLONGED/SEVERE

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6
Q

WHAT WOULD AN ABG LOOK LIKE FOR A COPD PT

A

HPOXIC, LOW PH, COMPENSATED RESP ACIDOSIS

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7
Q

WHAT IS FEV1

A

AMOUNT OF AIR EXPIRED W/ IN FIRST SECOND AFTER MAX INSPIRATION

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8
Q

WHAT IS FVC

A

THE AMOUNT OF AIR QUICKLY/FORCEFULLY EXHALED AFTER MAX INSPRIATION

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9
Q

IPATROPIUM

A

GOOD FOR 4 HOURS, BLOCK ACETYCHOLINE (RESTRICTS SMOOTH MUSCLE) MAKES MOUTH DRY

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10
Q

METHYLPREDNISOLONE

A

(SOLU-MEDROL) IV FOR WHEN NOTHING ELSE WILL WORK B/C STAUS ASTHMATICUS

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11
Q

OW WOULD YOU DIFFEENTIATE BETWEEN OBSTRUCTIVE/RESTRICTIVE PROBLEMS

A

FEV1/FVC RATIO

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12
Q

RESIDUAL VOLUME

A

AIR REMAINING IN LUNGS AFTER FORCED EXPIRATION

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13
Q

WHAT MED CLASS WOULD YOU USE FOR ACUTE EXACERBATION (QUICK RELIEF/RESCUE MEDS)

A

SHORT-ACTING-B-ADRENERGIC AGONSITS (SABA)

ONSET OF ACTION IN MINUTES, DURATION 4-8 HOURS ,PREVENTS RELEASE OF INFLAMMAROTY MEDIATROS, RELAXES SMOTH MUSCLE

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14
Q

SHORT-ACTING-B-ADRENERGIC AGONSITS (SABA) EXAMPLES

A

ALBUTEROL (PROVENTIL): NEBULIZER,

LEVALBUTEROL (XOPENEX): NEBULIZER, METERED DOSE INHALER (MDI)

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15
Q

SHORT-ACTING-B-ADRENERGIC AGONSITS (SABA) SIDE EFFECTS

A

CAUTION W. HEART DISORDERS B/C B-AGONISTS INCREASE BP AND HR. CAUSES CNS STIMULATION/EXCITATION, INCREASED RISK FOR DYSRHYMTHMIAS

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16
Q

WHAT MED WOULD YOU GIVE A PT HAVING A MOERATE-SEVERE ASTHMA ATTACK?

A

IPATROPRIUM INHALED ANDDD A SHORT-ACTING MUSCARINIC ANTAGONITS (SAMA) AKA, ALBUTEROL.

ACETYCHOLINE STOPS SMOOTH MUSCLE CONRACTION, DILATION OF BLOOD VESSELS, BODILY SECRETIONS, AND SLOWED HR. SOOOO, WHEN THESE DRUGS BLOCK IT CAUSES EXITATORY/INHIBITORY EFFECTS

17
Q

WHAT MED WOULD YOU GIVE A PT HAVING A MOERATE-SEVERE ASTHMA ATTACK?

A

SYSTEMIC CORTICOSTERIODS

METHYLPREDNISOLONE (SOLU-MEDROL) IV FOR CLOSED THROAT, ORAL FOR NON-COMPROMISED AIRWAY

PREDNISONE IS TAKEN ORALLY

SIDE EFFECTS: IMMUNOSUPPRESSANT, REDUCES BRONCHIAL HYPERRESPONSIVENESS, DECREASED MUCOUS PRODUCTION, FLUID RETEION, HYPERTENSION, MOOD SWINGS, GI UPSET, WEIGHT GAIN, FAT DEPOSITS IN ABDOMEN/FACE/BACK/NECK.

LONG TERM SIDE EFFECTS: OSTERPROSIS, ADRENAL INSUFICIENY, HYPERLIPIEDMIA, HEPATIC ISSUES

18
Q

WHAT ARE DAILY MEDS YOU’D USE FOR ASTHMA

A

INHALED CORTICOSTERIODS: BECLOMETHASONE, BUDESONIA, FUTICANISONE
- HAVE PT RINSE MOUTH AFTER EACH USE TO DECREASE FUNGAL INFECTION

LONG-ACTING B-ADRENERGIC AGENTS (LABA): SALMETEROL (DRY POWDER INHALER), FOMETEROL (NEB), ARFORMOTEROL (NEB)
NEVER USE ALONE, MUST BE USED WITH CORTICOSTEROID

LONG-ACTING ANTICHOLINERGIC: TIOTROPIUM (SPIRIVA) DRY POWDER INHALATION

19
Q

HIGH FREQUENCY CHEST WALL OSCILLATION

A

VEST PT WEARS THAT REPEATEDLY COMPRESSES CHEST SO THAT SECREATIONS ARE BROKEN OFF AND COUGHED UP

20
Q

ACAPELLA (PICKLE)

A

DEEP BREATH, OHOLD 3 SECS, EXHALE AS LONG AS POSSIBLE INTO MOUTH PIECE

21
Q

WHAT LONG-ACTING

A
22
Q

WHAT LONG-RANGE DRUG DO YOU USE TO TREAT TB

A

RIFAMPIN

23
Q

WHERE WOULD YOU KEEP A TB POSITIVE PT IN YOUR HOME

A

IN A ROOM WITH AN OPEN WINDOW

24
Q

RESPRITORY ACIDOSIS

A

PH LESS 7.35 PACO2GREATER 45

CAUSED BY NS DEPRESSION, PULMONARY DISORDERS

BECOME DROWSY/UNRESPONSIVE. USE BIPAP WHE AWAKE, INTUB FOR UNRESPONSIVE

25
Q

RESPRITORY ALKALOSIS

A

PH GREATER 7.45 W/ PACO2 LESS 35

HYPERVENTILATION, BAG/NON INFLATED NONREBREATHER.

CAUSED BY FEVER, SEPSIS, EMOTIONAL DISTRESS

LIGHT HEADED, ARM TINGLING, MUSCLE SPASMS

26
Q

METABOLIC ACIDOSIS

A

PH LESS THAN 7.35, BICARB LESS THAN 22

CAUSED BY SEPSIS, DKA, RENAL FAILURE, ANAEROBIC METAB

Headache, confusion, N&V, lethargy, Kussmaul respirations (rapid, deep breathing at a
consistent pace)

27
Q

Metabolic Alkalosis

A

Defined as a pH greater than 7.45 and a
bicarbonate level greater than 26mEq/L

Caused by protracted vomiting, Aggressive gastric suctioning, Excess administration of diuretics

Symptoms include dizziness, lethargy, N&V, disorientation, Lethargy

28
Q
A

ADULTs 1 (21 decks)

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