Ast-Com-Met Flashcards

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0
Q

merely reflect sunlight as they revolve around the sun

A

planets

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1
Q

dust and left behind ice whenever Earth intersects with an area where a comet has passed through

A

Meteor Showers

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2
Q

leftovers of the materials that formed the planets

A

space debris

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3
Q

small bodies (usually rocky and metallic) likened to flying mountains

A

asteroids

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4
Q

fragments of rocky materials with similar composition of the terrestrial planets

A

asteroids

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5
Q

smallest asteroids are assumed to be no larger than ———–

A

grains of sand

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6
Q

some asteroids have very ——— orbits and travel very near the —

A

eccentric, sun

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7
Q

percentage of the total mass of asteroids compared with the Moon’s mass

A

15

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8
Q

T or F: If an extinction event will occur, all micro species will die like the Big Bang

A

F - macro species

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9
Q

T or F: A planet between Mars and Jupiter collapsed because of the strong gravitational pull of Jupiter

A

T

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10
Q

largest asteroid

A

Ceres

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11
Q

first asteroid discovered in 1801

A

Ceres

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12
Q

completes a solar orbit every 14 Earth years

A

Hidalgo

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13
Q

Subsequently found after Hidalgo

A

Pallas, Juno, Vesta

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14
Q

fragment of a larger body torn apart by a collision

A

951 Gaspra

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15
Q

first asteroid to be photographed close up in 1991 by Galileo probe

A

951 Gaspra

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16
Q

moon of Ida

A

Dactyl

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17
Q

came gliding past Earth, missing our planet by 27 000 km on Feb 2013

A

2012DA14

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18
Q

2088 collisional asteroid 35 miles long

A

Ida

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19
Q

Mars’ tiny moon captured from the main asteroid belt

A

Deimos

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20
Q

7075 of them are found already with 500-1 000 at least 1 km in diameter

A

Near Earth asteroids

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21
Q

open areas in the main asteroid belt that are devoid of asteroids

A

Kirkwood gaps

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22
Q

can ignite trees and vegetation

A

Glowing asteroids

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23
Q

Occurrences are very rare but the best known was the Tunguska Event in 1908

A

Glowing asteroid

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24
Q

explosive force is estimated to have been 1 000 times that of the Hiroshima bomb

A

Tunguska Event of 1908

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25
Q

asteroids that share an orbit with a large planet or moon

A

Trojans

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26
Q

Trojan asteroids’ location

A

along Jupiter’s orbit, 60° ahead of and behind jupiter

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27
Q

Trojan asteroids’ reason for no collisions

A

always either behind or ahead of the planet

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28
Q

most significant Trojans

A

Jupiter Trojans

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29
Q

an asteroid can be called a —————

A

planetoid, micro planet, minor planet

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30
Q

T or F: Weathering and erosion on Earth have destroyed most impact craters left by asteroids.

A

T

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31
Q

types of asteroids

A

siliceous
carbonaceous
metallic

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32
Q

stony composition

A

siliceous

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33
Q

most common variety, forming 75% of known asteroids

A

carbonaceous

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34
Q

asteroids of partially known composition

A

metallic

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35
Q

found in the outer asteroid belt and beyond

A

D-type

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36
Q

The —– model suggests that D-types may have originated in the ——————

A

Nice, Küįper Belt

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37
Q

naming asteroids

A

patterned after:
Latin names
person who have made contributions to science
names of gods and goddesses

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38
Q

have orbital periods of 3-6 years

A

asteroid belt

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39
Q

Asteroid belt is between ——-

A

Mars and Jupiter

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40
Q

T or F: Scientists and engineers have raised the prospect of asteroid mining.

A

T

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41
Q

orbits approach but do not cross Earth

A

Amor belt

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42
Q

orbits cross Earth

A

Apollo belt

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43
Q

have wider orbits than earth

A

Apollo belt

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44
Q

orbits cross Earth and spend most of their time inside earth’s orbit

A

Aten belt

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45
Q

Earth-approaching asteroids that cross Mars’ orbit

A

Amor

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46
Q

NEAs that are considered as potentially hazardous asteroids

A

Apollo

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47
Q

LiNEAR

A

Lincoln Near Earth Asteroid Research Program

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48
Q

NASA

A

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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49
Q

modular space station whose first component was launched in 1998

A

ISS

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50
Q

T or F: An asteroid could have a moon

A

T

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51
Q

T or F: An asteroid has its own light

A

F

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52
Q

T or F: An asteroid is smaller than a meteoroid

A

F

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53
Q

T or F: An asteroid can get too close to Earth

A

T

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54
Q

T or F: If an asteroid collides with Earth, hundreds of species will die out

A

T

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55
Q

T or F: Asteroids can be found only in the Asteroid belt

A

F

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56
Q

T or F: Asteroids revolve around the Sun

A

T

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57
Q

What do asteroids and comets have in common?

A

Most are unchanged since their formation in the solar nebula

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58
Q

most interesting and unpredictable bodies in the solar system

A

comets

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59
Q

Comets are often described as ———-

A

‘dirty snowballs’ and balls of ice

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60
Q

Comets are made up of ——

A

ice made from frozen gases, water and dust

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61
Q

T or F: Comets cannot survive more than a few hundred close orbits of the sun

A

T

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62
Q

The list of comets discovered have reached —– as of 2011

A

4 165

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63
Q

comets that have a period of more than 200 years or even millions of years

A

non-periodic

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64
Q

orbits around the sun that are shorter than 200 years

A

short-period

65
Q

period of more than 200 years travel farther from the sun

A

long-period

66
Q

the first person to determine the reappearance of a comet by using Newton’s mathematical model for comets

A

Edmond Halley

67
Q

completes elongated orbit in 76 years

A

Halley

68
Q

Reappearance year of Halley

A

2062

69
Q

sun grazing comet discovered by Vitaly Nevsky in 2012

A

ISON

70
Q

long-period comet discovered by Terry Lovejoy

A

Lovejoy

71
Q

collided with Jupiter and broke up into pieces in July 1994

A

Shoemaker Levy 9

72
Q

estimated to have 12 000 gigatons of TNT

A

Shoemaker Levy 9

73
Q

brightest comet in the last 1 000 years

A

Ikeya Seki 1965

74
Q

comets visible in the Philippines

A
Kohoutek
West
Hyakutake
Hale-Bopp
McNaught
Holmes
75
Q

last comet that made appearance in 2010 and has a short orbital period of 6.4 year

A

Hartley-2

76
Q

small, icy bodies that have highly eccentric orbits and can be found in the Oort Cloud or Küįper belt

A

comets

77
Q

shape of most comets’ orbits

A

long, narrow ellipses

78
Q

comets with short orbital periods are thought to orbit beyond ——— in ————–

A

Neptune, Küįper belt

79
Q

comets with long orbital periods appear to be distributed in all directions from the sun

A

Oort cloud

80
Q

three parts of a comet

A

nucleus, coma and tail

81
Q

glowing head of a comet

A

coma

82
Q

released dust and has form a huge, extremely unstable atmosphere around a comet

A

coma

83
Q

types of tails

A

ion and dust

84
Q

tail of a comet points ———— the sun

A

away from

85
Q

formed by the force exerted on the coma

A

tail

86
Q

two forces that contribute to the formation of a comet’s tail

A

solar wind

solar radiation

87
Q

what happens to a comet as it gets close to the sun?

A

it produces a coma and two tails that are swept away from the sun

88
Q

Most comets are believed to orbit the Sun ——– the orbit of Pluto

A

beyond

89
Q

naming of comets

A

Patterned after:
the year of their appearance
the person who discovered them

90
Q

T or F: Comets last within the solar system forever

A

F - do not last

91
Q

T or F: Scientists believe that the chances of comet collisions with Earth are very remote.

A

T

92
Q

T or F: Comets typically gain material with every pass by the Sun.

A

F

93
Q

small solid particle that travels through space

A

meteoroids

94
Q

fragments of rocky material with similar composition as the terrestrial planets

A

meteoroids

95
Q

very tiny meteoroids

A

micrometeoroids or cosmic dust

96
Q

T or F: Meteoroids do not emit any light of their own.

A

T

97
Q

piece of space rock which occasionally hits Earth usually without causing serious damage

A

meteoroids

98
Q

origin of meteoroids

A

interplanetary debris
Moon
comet trails
material from the asteroid belt

99
Q

one of the largest meteorites ever recovered from the Philippines

A

Bondoc meteorite

100
Q

Identified Bondoc as a meteorite

A

Harvey Ninninger

101
Q

super bolide caused by a NEA that entered Earth’s atmosphere over Russia in 2013

A

Chelyabinsk

102
Q

The Canyon Diablo meteorites include the many fragments of the asteroid that created the ——————-

A

Baringer Crater

103
Q

– tons of iron fragments have been found in the immediate area

A

30

104
Q

Once a meteoroid enters the earth’s atmosphere, it heats up due to ——– with the atmosphere and produces a —- of debris that glows because of —-

A

friction, tail, heat

105
Q

interplanetary material that burns up and becomes a glowing streak of light in our atmosphere

A

meteor

106
Q

glowing tail of a meteoroid

A

meteor

107
Q

‘bulalakaw’, shooting stars, falling stars

A

meteor

108
Q

flaming meteoroid

A

meteor

109
Q

The Orionids

A

meteor

110
Q

If a space rock is stuck in the earth’s atmosphere it is considered a ——

A

meteor

111
Q

flash of light produced when a meteoroid passes Earth’s atmosphere

A

meteor

112
Q

meteor that appear to glow brighter than planets

A

fireballs

113
Q

formed when fireballs explode

A

bolides

114
Q

interplanetary material that enters the Earth’s atmosphere and collides with the ground rather than burning up

A

meteorite

115
Q

manages to reach Earth’s surface as a solid object

A

meteorite

116
Q

small chunk of space rock that hits earth

A

meteorite

117
Q

piece of solar system debris that passes through Earth’s atmosphere and strikes the ground

A

meteorite

118
Q

rocky leftover planetesimals that hit Earth’s surface

A

meteorites

119
Q

large-irregular shaped object, potentially dangerous to Earth

A

asteroid

120
Q

result when Earth intersects a cometary orbit

A

meteor showers

121
Q

a large, rocky body orbiting the Sun

the body was surrounded by other similar rocky bodies that travelled in the same orbit

A

asteroid

122
Q

meteor showers are composed of ————-

A

dust and other debris from comets

123
Q

In what layer of the atmosphere do meteoroids get vaporized?

A

mesosphere

124
Q

Compare meteoroids and asteroids

A

They are alike except for their size — meteoroids are smaller than asteroids

125
Q

types of meteorites

A

iron
stony
mesosiderites (iron-stony)

126
Q

meteorites that contain silicate minerals

subdivided into chondrites and anchondrites

A

stony

127
Q

front part of the head of a comet

A

impact front

128
Q

T or F: Close to the sun, the tail of a comet reach its maximum length.

A

T

129
Q

contains similar quantities of iron, nickel and silicates

A

mesosiderites

130
Q

meteorites that contain a high percentage of iron and nickel compounds and created in the rupture of asteroids

A

iron

131
Q

frozen water, methane, carbon dioxide, ammonia, rock and dust

A

nucleus

132
Q

the trail of suspended gases generates a low intensity, luminous region with a bluish color
the gas molecules lose an electron and therefore have an electric charge

A

ion tail

133
Q

suspended dust particles trail behind the comet, reflecting sunlight and making the luminous tail visible

A

dust tail

134
Q

object in space that leaves a bright stream of gas and dust

A

comet

135
Q

straight bright light left by a large burning meteor fireball
also known as the dust trail of meteors

A

afterglow

136
Q

luminous phenomenon observed when a small solid particle enter Earth’s atmosphere and burns up

A

meteor

137
Q

remains of a meteoroid found on Earth

A

meteorite

138
Q

Which of the following can be touched:

a. meteorite
b. meteoroid
c. meteor
d. meteozoid

A

a.

139
Q

features on Earth offer clear evidence that comets and asteroids have struck its surface

A

rayed craters

140
Q

Most meteor showers are associated with the orbits of —–

A

comets

141
Q

T or F: A meteor is visible because of its high temperature as it glows in Earth’s atmosphere

A

T

142
Q

T or F: Comets look fuzzy while asteroids appear as moving points of light

A

T

143
Q

T or F: Comets have higher densities than asteroids

A

F

144
Q

T or F: The average distance of a comet from the sun is far greater than those of asteroids

A

T

145
Q

T or F: A comet’s orbit tend to be more eccentric than those of asteroids.

A

T

146
Q

T or F: Meteor showers are named after the background constellation with which they are observed

A

T

147
Q

T or F: Comets are made of frozen ice and rock while meteors are made of rock.

A

T

148
Q

T or F: Comets rarely enter a planet’s atmosphere.

A

T

149
Q

T or F: Most comets are found outside the solar system and meteors are found within

A

T

150
Q

Meteoroids usually come from ——— or ———–

A

comets, asteroids

151
Q

small pieces of rock that travel through space with no predictable or recognizable path

A

meteoroids

152
Q

A comet’s —- can measure 62 000 miles or more in diameter

A

head

153
Q

As a comet moves away from the sun, it returns to —- ——-

A

cold storage

154
Q

T or F: Only a tiny portion of the Oort cloud comets pass into the inner solar system

A

T

155
Q

largest discovered fragment of the 150-foot meteor that created Meteor Crater

A

Holsinger Meteorite

156
Q

comets that leave their original orbits and approach the Sun generally settle into new trajectories

A

periodic comets

157
Q

What do comets have in common with deep fried ice cream?

A

They’re both crispy on the outside, with soft, cold interiors.

158
Q

T or F: Asteroids are similar to comets because they have visible comas (fuzzy outline and tail) like comets do.

A

F - similar but do not have visible comas

159
Q

name of the maker of this reviewer

A

Dana Praise C. Guerrero