Assignment 24 Equine Flashcards by Jordan Ward

What is the inguinal canal?

the opening in the caudal part of the abdominal wall through which testes descents into the scrotum

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What two muscles is the inguinal canal located?

IAO and EAO

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What forms the superficial inguinal ring?

a slit in the aponeurosis of the EAO

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The EAO splits into two parts, what are they?

pelvic insertion (coxal tuber and prepubic tendon)

abdominal insertion (linea alba and prepubic tendon)

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What are the caudal, cranial, and medial boundaries of the deep inguinal ring?

caudal: inguinal ligament
cranial: caudal free edge of IAO
medial: lateral edge of prepubic tendon

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What is the inguinal ligament?

The strengthened caudal edge of the aponeurosis of EAO

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Structures passing cranial to inguinal ligament are going through what?

inguinal canal

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Structures passing caudal to inguinal ligament are going through what? Where are they going?

vascular lacuna to the pelvic limb

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What does the inguinal canal separate?

vascular lacuna and inguinal canal

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List the 6 structure passing through the inguinal canal in the stallion?

vaginal ring
parietal vaginal tunic
spermatic cord
cremaster m.
genitofemoral n.
external pudental a.

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What becomes the parietal vaginal tunic as it passes through the inguinal canal and around the spermatic cord?

parietal peritoneum

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What structures pass through the inguinal canal of the mare?

genitofemoral n.
branches of L2
external pudental a.

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Do mares have a vaginal process?

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What are the four accessory glands of the stallion?

ampullary gland
vesicular gland
prostate gland
bulbourethral gland

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What forms the ampullary glands?

Thickening of the terminal part of the deferent duct

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Describe the vesicular glands.

paired, elongated, pear shaped, and hollow

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Vesicular glands are also called ________.

seminal vesicles

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Where are vesicular glands located?

wholly or partly within the genital fold

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What forms the ejaculatory duct?

the excretory duct of the vesicular glands + deferent duct

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What is the colliculus seminalis?

the crest at the openings of the ejaculatory duct (dorsal surface)

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What part of the prostate is absent in the horse?

disseminate

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The prostate gland of the horse is retroperitoneal. True or false?

true

The prostate gland of the horse is _____, joined by ______.

bilobed; isthmus

Describe the bulbourethal glands.

Paired, club shaped tubular glands

What covers the bulbourethal glands?

bulboglandularis muscles

How many mammary glands do horses have?

How many teats does each mammary gland have in mares?

How many openings does each teat have?

Do the openings of the same teat lead to the same or separate duct systems?

separate

What is the major blood supply to the udder?

external pudental a.

What is the venous drainage of the udder?

accessory external pudental s.

What is the lymphatic drainage of the udder?

superficial inguinal ln

What is unique about the ovaries of the horse?

they are kidney-bean shaped ovulation fossa is present

Equine ovaries lack what?

protrusion of follicles and corpora lutea

What suspends the ovaries?

mesovarium

The lateral border of the mesovarium forms _______ and the cranial border forms _____.

mesoalpinx; suspensory ligament of the ovary

The uterine tubes extend from the _______ to the ______.

ovulation fossa; uterine horms

What suspends the uterine tubes?

mesosalpinx

Which end of the uterine tubes form a funnel-shaped infundibulum?

ovarian end

Where are fimbriae located?

on the free edge of the infundibulum

Where does fertilization take place in the horse? What leads to this place?

ampulla; deep opening of infundibulum leads to ampulla

What cavity is the uterus located in and what is it suspended by?

abdominal; mesometrium

What forms the round ligament of the uterus?

the lateral surfaces of the mesometrium suspending the uterus

The body of the uterus is longer than the uterine horns in the horse. True or false?

False- horns are slightly longer than body

What cavity are the uterine horns located?

abdominal

What cavity is the uterine body located?

abdominal and pelvic

What makes up the broad ligament?

mesometrium, mesovarium, mesosalpinx

What cavity is the cervix located?

pelvic

What is the porlio vaginalis?

the extension of the cervix into the vagina

How does the cervix close and when does it close?

radially arranged ongitudinal folds close the cervical canal except during estrus

What arteries supply the uterus of the dog?

ovarian and uterine

What arteries supply the uterus of large animals?

ovarian, uterine, and uterine branch of vaginal

What is the difference in the blood supply to the uterus between large and small animals?

The difference is in the uterine artery and its origin. It branches from the vaginal in the dog, but from the umbilical (cow and pig), or external iliac (horse) in other species. In those species the branch from the vaginal artery to the uterus is referred to as the uterine branch.