Assessment of Fetal State in Pregnancy

Question 1

First Trimester Scan Features

Answer 1

•Confirm Pregnancy

•Confirm Multiple Gestation

•Get EGA and EDD

•Markers for Abnormalities in Chromosomes

Question 2

Second Trimester Scan Features

Answer 2

•Observe Fetal Anatomy

•Placental Localisation and Liquor Volume

• Check for GA and Multiple Pregancies

Question 3

Fetal Biometry Features

Answer 3

CRL
HC
AC
FL
BPD

Question 4

Third Trimester Scan

Answer 4

• Fetal Growth and Weight

• Placental morphology

• Serial measurements useful in determining IUGR and fetal growth patterns

Question 5

Amniotic fluid index (AFI)

Answer 5

• Normal range is 10.0-25.0cm in third trimester:
<5 cm suggest oligohydramnios;
>25 cm suggest polyhydramnios

• Amniotic fluid volume is often reduced in IUGR

Question 6

Baseline variability/fetal heart rate variability in Cardiotocography

Answer 6

It is modified pathologically by:
• Hypoxia

• Fetal infection

• Drugs suppressing fetal CNS such as opioids and hypnotics – flattened pattern

modified by gestational age, fetal sleep states and fetal activity.