Assessment chap 1 Flashcards
It is a systematic process of gathering, interpreting and using this
information about student learning.
Assessment
A formal and systematic instrument, usually, paper and pencil procedure
design to assess the quality, ability, skill or knowledge of students by giving a
set of question in uniform manner.
Test
This refers to the administration, scoring and interpretation of the
procedures designed to get information about the extent of the performance
of the students.
testing
It is a process of quantifying or assigning number to the individual’s
intelligence, personality, attitudes and values, and achievement of the
students
measurement
It refers to the process of judging the quality of what is good and what is
desirable.
evaluation
develops and supports students’ metacognitive skills.
Assessment as learning
is ongoing assessment that allows teachers to
monitor students on a day - to - day basis and modify their teaching based
on what the students need to be successful
Assessment for learning
is the snapshot in time that lets the teacher, students
and their parents know how well each student has completed the learning
tasks and activities.
assessment of learning
Users of educational assessment
parents, students and teacher
types of assessment procedures
Methods of interpreting results, use in classroom instruction, form of assessment, nature of assessment
It is used to determine what individuals can do when performing at their best
Maximum Performance
2 Nature of assessment
Maximum performance and typical performance
It is used to determine what individuals will do under natural conditions
Typical performance
2 form of assessment
Fixed-choice test and complex performance assessment
An assessment used to measure knowledge and skills effectively and
efficiently.
fixed choice test
An assessment procedure used to measure the performance of the learner in
contexts and on problems valued in their own right.
Complex performance Assessment
4 use in classroom instruction
Placement assessment, formative assessment, summative assessment and diagnostic assessment
❒ An assessment procedure used to determine the learner’s prerequisite skills,
degree of mastery of the course goals, and/or best modes of learning.
Placement assessment
An assessment used to monitor the learning progress of the students during
instruction.
Formative assessment
It is a type of assessment given at the beginning of instruction or during
instruction
diagnostic assessment
A type of assessment usually given at the end of a course or unit.
Summative assessment
What are the methods of interpreting results
norm reference interpretation and criterion referenced interpretation
It is used to describe student performance according to relative position in
some known group.
norm reference interpretation
Used to describe student performance according to a specified domain of
clearly defined learning task
Criterion-referenced interpretation
Other types of test
Non - Standardized Test vs. Standardized Test,Objective Test vs. Subjective Test,Supply Test vs. Fixed - Response Test,Individual Test vs. Group Test,Mastery Test vs. Survey Test,Speed Test vs. Power Test
is a type of test developed by the classroom teachers.
Non - standardized test
is a type of test developed by test specialist. It is administered,
scored and interpreted using a certain standard condition.
Standardized test
is a type of test in which two or more evaluators give an examinees
the same score.
Objective Test
a type of test in which the scores are influenced by the
judgement of the evaluators, meaning there is no one correct answer.
subjective test
is a type of test that requires the examinees to supply an answer, such
as an essay test item or completion or short answer test item
supply test
is a type of test that requires the examinees to select an
answer from a given option such as multiple - choice test, matching type of test,
or true/ false test.
fixed response test
a type of test administered to student on a one - on - one basis
using oral questioning
individual test
is a type of test administered to a group of individuals or group of
students.
group test
is a type of achievement test that measures the degree of mastery of
a limited test of learning outcomes using criterion - reference to interpret the
result.
mastery test
designed to measure number of items a individual can complete over
a certain period of time.
speed test
is a type of test that measures student’s general achievement over a
broad range of learning outcomes using norm - reference to interpret the result.
survey test
is designed to measure the level of performance rather than speed of
response. It contains test items that are arranged according to increasing degree
of difficulty.
power test
A type of assessment in which students choose their answer from a given list of
choice.
traditional assessment
An assessment in which students create an original response to answer a certain
question.
Alternative assessment
assessment where students are asked to perform real - world tasks that
demonstrate meaningful application of essential knowledge and skills.
Performance Based Assessment
Basic Principle of Assessment
Validity, Realibity, Washback effect, interpretability, practicality, objectivity,
authenticity
offers tasks that replicate real - world tasks.
Authentic Test
It refers to the degree to which equally competent scorers obtain the same
results.
objectivity
It refers to the logistical, administrative issues involved in making, giving and
scoring an assessment instrument.
Practicality
encompasses all the ways that meaning is assigned to the
scores.
interpretability
refers to the effect of testing on teaching and learning - e.g. the extent to
which assessment affects a student’s future language development.
washback effect
The degree to which an assessment tool produces stable and consistent
results.
reliability
What are the types of reliability
test-retest reliability, test administration reliability, split half reliability, intra rater reliability, inter rater reliability, parallel/equivalent reliability
The same test is re-administered to the same people
Test - Retest Reliability
Two or more judges or raters are involved in grading
Inter - Rater Reliability
is the consistency of grading by a single rater at the
same time.
Intra - Rater Reliability
A test is administered once to a group, is divided into equal halves after the
students have returned the test, and the halves are then corrected.
Split Half Reliability
This involves the condition is which the test is administered.
Test Administration Reliability
Factors
that
Affect
Reliability
of the Test
Test
Factor,Marking
Factor,Test
Administration
Factor,Environment
Factor,Teacher and
Student
Factor
any good teacher-student relationship would help increase the
consistency of the result
Teacher and Student Factor
comfortable chairs and desks, good
ventilation, sufficient light, and space will improve the reliability of the test.
Environmental Factor
test administrators should strive to provide clear and accurate
instructors, sufficient time, and careful monitoring of tests to improve the
reliability of their tests.
Test Administrator Factors
It is also common that different markers award different marks for the same
answer even with a prepared mark scheme.
Marking Factor
longer test produce higher reliabilities.
TEST FACTOR
”the extent to which inferences made from assessment results are
appropriate, meaningful, and useful in terms of the purpose of the
assessment
Validity
TYPES OF VALIDITY
face validity, predictive validity,concurrent validity,construct validity, content validity
It is pertinent that a test looks like a test even at first impression.
Face Validity
It is concerned with whether or not the contest of the test is sufficiently
representative and comprehensive for the test to be a valid measure of what
it is supposed to measure
Content Validity
is the use of another more reputable and recognized test
to validate one’s own test.
Concurrent Validity
refers to whether the underlying theoretical
constructs that the test measures are themselves valid.
Construct Validity
is closely related to concurrent validity in that it too
generates a numerical value.
predictive validity
