aspects of personality

Question 1

personality

Answer 1

the patterns of thoughts and feelings, and the way we interact with our environment and other people

Question 2

3 personality theories

Answer 2

• trait
• social learning
• interactionist

Question 3

trait

Answer 3

a relatively stable, highly consistent attribute that exerts a widely generalised casual effect on behaviour

Question 4

trait personality theory

Answer 4

people are born with established characteristics and we can predict behaviour in various situations

Question 5

type a

Answer 5

competitive, impatient, intolerant and highly stressed

Question 6

type b

Answer 6

non-competitive, relaxed, tolerant and low levels of stress

Question 7

esyenck trait theory

Answer 7

two dimension model, identifie 4 primary personality traits

Question 8

stable

Answer 8

unchangeable, constant and predictable e.g. calmness in most situations

Question 9

unstable

Answer 9

changeable and unpredictable e.g. varying amounts of aggression

Question 10

extrovert

Answer 10

a person who seeks social situations and likes excitement but lacks concentration

Question 11

introvert

Answer 11

a person who does not seek social situations and likes patience and quiet but is good at concentrating

Question 12

stable characteristics

Answer 12

• predictable moods
• predictable emotions
• don’t experience intense stress and recover quickly if they do

Question 13

unstable characteristics

Answer 13

• unreliable moods
• extreme and unpredictable emotions e.g. mood swings
• high levels of stress with slow recovery

Question 14

extrovert characteristics

Answer 14

• aroused more slowly
• affiliate well with others
• outgoing and sociable

Question 15

introvert characteristics

Answer 15

• aroused more quickly
• prefer isolation
• shy and reserved

Question 16

social learning theory

Answer 16

all behaviour is learned

Question 17

what influences behaviour according to social theory?

Answer 17

• situation e.g. those around us
• environment including behaviour of others

Question 18

how is personality/behaviour learned according to social theory?

Answer 18

• through watching, imitating and reinforcement
• it is not genetically programmed

Question 19

pros of trait theory

Answer 19

• can be seen that extroverts like team sports
• personality can be predicted if correct

Question 20

cons of trait theory

Answer 20

• argues you can never change traits
• argues siblings/identical twins will be the same which is not true
• argues you wont adapt and change to the environment

Question 21

pros of social theory

Answer 21

• evidence suggests we learn by copying others
• bobo doll experiment supports it
• performers can be like (copy) their significant other

Question 22

cons social theory

Answer 22

• some things do remain the same
• siblings brought up in the same way don’t always have the same personality
• too simplistic - can’t just be environment

Question 23

interactionist theory

Answer 23

personality is modified and behaviour is formed when genetically inherited traits are triggered by an environmental circumstance

Question 24

which theories does the interactionist approach agree with?

Answer 24

a combination of trait and social learning theory

Question 25

martins structure of personality

Answer 25

1. the core you
2. typical responses
3. role related behaviour

Question 26

the core you

Answer 26

fairly permanent qualities unaffected by the environment (trait approach)

Question 27

typical responses

Answer 27

general personality in most scenarios

Question 28

role related behaviour

Answer 28

typical responses are influenced by the time and situation