ASF - Cervix (Richardson)

Question 1

In neonates, why is the squamo-columnar junction out on the surface of the ectocervix?

Answer 1

The neonate is exposed to mother’s estrogen, which makes the junction migrate down and onto the surface of the cervix.

Question 2

How do bacterial infections lead to metaplasia of the cervix?

Answer 2

Bacteria eat glycogen produced by cervical glandular cells and produce acids.

Acid lowers pH –> inflammation of cervix –> initiation of metaplasia

Question 3

How are cervical cysts formed at the transformation zone?

Answer 3

Squamous epithelial cells migrate downward into the cervical glands, blocking them off. Buildup of mucin and cells –> cyst.

Question 4

What is the transformation zone?

Answer 4

The junction between the squamous epithelium of the ectocervix and the glandular, columnar epithelial cells of the endocervix.

Question 5

What is the most common cause of cervical metaplasia?

Answer 5

Chronic inflammation

Chronic inflammation irritates cells, which makes them change to adapt to the environment.

Question 6

What three common histological findings can be found in patients with acute or chronic cervicitis?

Answer 6

1. Interstitial edema
2. Lymphocytic infiltration
3. Increased capillaries

Question 7

What are 3 common acquired causes of cervicitis?

Answer 7

Candida, Trichomonas vaginalis, herpes simplex virus