Artikel Psychosis Flashcards
Psychosis consists of
hallucinations and/or delusions.
positive symptoms are?
formal thought disorder (FTD) and bizarre behavior
Negative symptoms are?
lack of: motivation [avolition], interest [apathy], socialization [asociality], affect [blunted affect], speech [alo- gia], and pleasure [anhedonia]).
psychosis presents in other mental health conditions including which?
brief psy- chotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and psychosis due to substance use or medical condi- tions
CBT can be used in psychosis to?
CBT helps with their depression, anxiety, anger, and other emotional distress, much as with any other client.
What are some limitations of CBT in psychosis?
- Some persons have symptoms that are too severe to allow meaningful utilization of CBTp
- There are also limitations for those who are able to benefit from CBTp, in that treatment might not completely eliminate symptoms or change quality of life dramatically.
- in the effectiveness of CBTp is that med- ication is nearly always necessary as ongoing treatment for certain conditions with psychosis.
What are the three first steps of treating psychosis with CBT?
- goal setting:
- coping:
- Normalization
What is meant by coping in CBT for psychosis?
- Therapy first addresses aspects of the condition that can interfere with the interpersonal, interactive, communicative requirements of the core therapy process.
- need to be individualized.
- Any factor that increases or reduces stress is a candidate for use as a cop- ing skill
- relaxation methods
- often temporary relief.
What is meant by normalization in CBT for psychosis?
Normalization a type of acceptance and Dialectic Behav- ioral Therapy in which a person learns to accept their condi- tion while paradoxically making efforts to improve.
* primary target for therapy is the distress, not the content of the beliefs.
* can help reduce the stigma of “mental illness” and view it as a condition that one can learn to manage in order to live to one’s own potential. This in itself can reduce distress associated with the symptoms of psychosis.
What are the five steps of case conceptualization of Psychosis?
- determening genetic factors
- developmental influences (trauma) (1 and 2 together are called predisposing factors)
- onset of the symptoms (proximal factors)
- compiling three to four samples of thought/belief records.
- determening: precipitating (triggers),** perpetuating** (maintaining symptoms) and protective factors
name four Cognitive Behavioral Therapy strategies for Delusions
- whittling down the beliefs by examining the context (context elaboration) in terms of logical conditions and logical outcomes.
- test the validity of their beliefs.
- Particularly when it is hard to prove a belief to be false or true, looking for alternative explanations is another way to loosen the tenacious grip of delu- sional beliefs.
- considering the belief to be due to the mental health condition itself.
there is a diminishing belief progression in delusions of psychotic clients. What does this mean and what are the common steps?
- Initially, delusions are considered to be facts
- delusions start to be viewed as personal beliefs.
- beliefs as feelings
emotional anchors are keeping delusions in place despite utilization of cognitive techniques. Which steps can be taken to dislodge the anchors?
- identify the mean- ing behind the delusion(s), or what purpose it serves.
- Asking for evidence can expose real events leading to the production of the delusion.
What is the focus of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Hallucinations in psychosis?
Cognitive behavioral treatment for hallucinations focuses partly on the beliefs about the origin and power of the hallucinations, which tend to be auditory and mainly voices.
What are two well known technique for collecting evidence to falcify the belliefs of auditive hallucinations?
- Ask to record if the person hears a voice coming from the outside.
- consider the content of what the voices are saying. Sometimes voices reflect a person’s beliefs. Assessing if voices reflect a person’s thoughts/beliefs consists of simply ask- ing whether what the voices are saying is also what the person believes. If so, discussion can then shift to the person’s belief itself, sometimes no longer need- ing to examine the beliefs about what the voices are.
