Arthrokinematics

Question 1

Motion

Answer 1

The manner in which adjoining joint surfaces move on each other during osteokinematic motion

Question 2

Osteokinematic motion

Answer 2

Joint motion

Question 3

Arthrokinematic motion

Answer 3

Joint surface motion

• roll: new points on each surface come in contact throughout the movement
• glide: one point on a surface contacts new points on adjacent surface )linear movement)
• spin: same point on each surface remains in contact

Question 4

End feel

Answer 4

Quality of what is felt when a joint is moved passively to its end range and a slight pressure is applied

Question 5

Hard end feel

Answer 5

Definite limit

• bony block
• ex: elbow ex

Question 6

Firm end feel

Answer 6

Firm with slight give at limitation

• tension in joint capsule, ligaments, mm/tendons
• ex: shoulder flex, hip external rotation

Question 7

Soft end feel

Answer 7

Limitation due to soft tissue approximation and compression due to muscle or adipose tissue mass
- ex: sometimes knee or elbow flex

Question 8

Empty end feel

Answer 8

Limitation due to considerable pain; mechanical limitation not yet felt

Question 9

Convex-concave rule

Answer 9

The shape of a bone moving on another bone determines the motion at the joint surface

• if a convex surface moves over a concave surface, the glide is in the opposite direction of the moving body segment or the roll
• if a concave surface moves over a convex surface, the glide is in the same direction of the moving body segment or the roll

Question 10

Pic

Answer 10

Pic

Question 11

Pic

Answer 11

Pic

Question 12

Steps to help determine arthrokinematics

Answer 12

1. Determine the joint in question
2. Is the motion open kinetic chain or closed kinetic chain?
3. Based off 2, is the concave surface moving on convex? Or vice versa?
4. For the motion, which direction is the moving segment (shaft of bone) going?
5. 4 will give you your roll
6. ??

Question 13

Joint congruency

Answer 13

How much of the joint surfaces are in contact with each other?

Question 14

Close-packed position

Answer 14

Joint surfaces have maximum contact; joint is tightly compressed; ligaments and joint capsule are taut
- usually used when testing a joint for stability

Question 15

Open-packed position (loose or resting)

Answer 15

Joint surfaces have minimum contact; parts of joint capsule and ligaments are lax
- may be used for joint mobilization’s including joint traction or distraction; used for positioning to help relieve pain in joints