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nclex 3 > Arthritis > Flashcards

Arthritis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is osteoarthritis ?

A

Degenerative disease of the joints

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2
Q

osteoarthritis is the _____ form of arthritis seen in the elderly

A

Number one

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3
Q

Which joints in the body are most affected in osteoarthritis?

A

Weight bearing joint knees, hips, fingers, back

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4
Q

What are the signs/symptoms of osteoarthritis?

A

Limited joint mobility

joint pain

joint stiffness

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5
Q

Is the pain from osteoarthritis relieved by activity or rest?

A

Rest

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6
Q

In osteoarthritis Hard nodes will develop on the joints of the fingers, creating deformities. What is this called?

A

Heberden’s nodes

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7
Q

What is the primary medication given for pain In osteoarthritis?

A

NSAIDs

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8
Q

___May be injected into the joints to treat osteoarthritis.

A

Corticosteroids

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9
Q

What should you teach the client concerning activity with osteoarthritis?

A

Exercise-stop of pain occurs.

Try to lose weight to help take stress of joints.

Use hot/cold beer be to help with pain.

Assistive device (Canes, braces, etc)Will help with mobility.

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10
Q

What surgery may be required with osteoarthritis?

A

Hip/knee replacement

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11
Q

What is Rheumatoid arthritis ?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that affects the joints.

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12
Q

Is there a particular age group that is affects Rheumatoid arthritis ?

A

No, it can occur at any age .

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13
Q

What are other clinical symptoms associated with

Rheumatoid arthritis ?

A

Fatigue ,

Low grade fever

Weight loss

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14
Q

What factor will be found in the blood of a client with Rheumatoid arthritis ? ?

A

Rheumatoid factor

Elevated Erythrocytes sedimentation rate

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15
Q

Which 5 Joint are mostly affected in Rheumatoid arthritis ??

A

Joints in hands , wrists, feet, elbows, shoulders

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16
Q

Due to inflammation of the synovial membranes, which damages cartilage, joint ___ are seen in Rheumatoid arthritis ?

A

Deformities

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17
Q

_____are the primary drug therapy in Rheumatoid arthritis ?

A

NSAIDs

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18
Q

Should you encourage this client with Rheumatoid arthritis to exercise??

A

Yes, activity helps the pain

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19
Q

What does NSAIDs stand for?

A

Nosteroidal antiinflmmatory drugs

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20
Q

What type of drugs are NSAIDs?

A

Aspirin and ; aspirin like drugs

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21
Q

What do NSAIDS do?

A

Reduce pain and body temp and inhibit platelet aggregation

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22
Q

Clients will take NSAIDS

With a full glass of ____ or milk to prevent stomach irritatation

A

Water

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23
Q

Aspirin toxicity will cause ______in the ears

A

Tinnitus( ringing or buzzing)

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24
Q

Teach clients to avoid ___ when taking NSAIDs to avoid decreased stomach irritation

A

Teach clients to avoid alcohol when taking NSAIDs to avoid decreased stomach irritation

25
Q

How soon should a client stop taking NSAIDs for having surgery ?

A

1 week

26
Q

Kids shouldn’t take NSAIDs How soon should a client stop taking NSAIDs for having surgery ?when they have flulike symptoms due to the risk of?

A

Reyes syndrome

27
Q

Treatment for aspirin overdose

A

Activated Charcoal

28
Q

Aspirin (Bayer)

What type of med is this ?

What does it treat ?

A

Non-opioid type

Uses-1. mild/moderate pain

       2. Fever
       3. * blood thinner
       4. Arthritis (gout or Rheumatoid)
29
Q

What are some 3 NCLEX tips for Aspirin (Bayer)?

A

Nclex tips-1. Do not give with anticoagulants

               2. Do not give the children with flu like symptoms because of Reye syndrome
               3. Stop taking one week before surgery
30
Q

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

What type of med is this ?

What does it 4 treat ?

A

Non-opioid type

Uses-1. mild/moderate pain

       2. Fever
       3. Decrease inflammation
       4. Arthritis (gout or Rheumatoid)
31
Q

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) can cause ___ so don’t give to what type of client ?

What is the antidote ?

What are signs of overdose?

A

Non-opioid type

Nclex tips—1. can cause liver toxicity

                 2. Do not give to liver failure or renal failure patients
                 3. Antidote is Acetylcysteine ( A-seat-toe-sis-stean

Overdose signs-Weak pulse with cold and clammy skin

32
Q

Naproxen (Aleve)

What type of med is this ?

What does it treat ?

A

Non-opioid type

Uses-1. mild/moderate pain

       2. Fever
       3. Decrease inflammation
       4. Arthritis (gout or Rheumatoid)
33
Q

What are some NCLEX tips for Naproxen (Aleve)?

What should you take with this med and why ?

Why should you check the stool for And why ?

A

Nclex tips-take with food; We will cause G.I. ulcers/bleeding

-check for black stool because the is a Sign of internal bleeding

34
Q

NASIDs(Motrin, ibuprofen)

What type of med is this ?

What does it treat ?

What are some NCLEX tips ?

A

Non-opioid type

Uses-1. mild/moderate pain

       2. Fever
       3. * blood thinner
       4. Arthritis (gout or Rheumatoid)
35
Q

NCLEX tips for NSAIDs?

What should you take with this med and why ?

Do not take NSAIDs with __?

And stop taking _____ before surgery?

It cause what 2 things ?

A

Nclex tips-1. take with; food will cause G.I. ulcers

               2. Do not take NSAID and aspirins together
               3. Stop taking one week before surgery

Can cause ototoxicity and photosensitivity

36
Q

Morphine

What type of med is this ?

If the respiration’s are below 10 what do you do and why?

Do you watch for?

What can happen with long term use ?

A

Opioids/Narcotic type

-Hold if respirations are below 12;

will cause respiratory depression

  • watch for constipation

Addict may occur with long term use

37
Q

hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

What type of med is this ?

What will this cause?

A

Opioids/Narcotic type

  • Reduce respirations

-This is not morphine;
you can’t interchange them

-This is many more times stronger than morphine

38
Q

Codeine

What type of med is this ?

What is used for ?

Take it with ___and why?

A

Opioid/Narcotic type

  • Used as a cough suppressant
  • Take with food to prevent nausea/vomiting
39
Q

(Demerol) meperidine hcl

What type of drug is this ?

Don’t give this to which client and why ?

A

Opioid/Narcotic type

-Do not give to patient with head injuries; can increase intracranial pressure

40
Q

Percocet (oxycodone)

What type of med is this ?

What does it have in it? so it safe to give to what client?

Percodan has what in it ?

A

Opioid/Narcotic type

  • Has Tylenol In it; okay to give if allergic to aspirin
  • Percodan has aspirin In it instead of Tylenol ; do not give if patient is allergic
41
Q

What side do your hold the cane on ?

What Leg do you advance with first ?

A

Cane =COAL-=Cane Opposite Affected Leg

You advance with the bad leg first then the Good Leg follows

Canes-
The cane moves with the _bad leg but is on the strong side.
Then the __good leg follows.

Coal= cane opposite affected leg

42
Q

The top of the crutches should be ?

When the handgrip is properly placed, the angle of elbow flexion will be ____?

Do not let the _crutch press into __the armpit .

A

2-3 finger widths below anterior anxillary fold to a
point lateral to and slightly in front of foot

When the handgrip is properly placed, the angle of elbow flexion will be 30 degrees

43
Q

How do you go up the stairs with crutches or canes?

A

Stair walking with Crutches or cane
Stairs- Up 1st w/__good leg, then __bad legs w/crutches

Down 1st _bad leg w/crutches, then __good leg follows__.

Again, up with the good and down with the bad!!!

44
Q

Walkers

How do you use a walker ?

If they must tie belongings to the walker where do you tie them ?

A

Pick it up, set it down, walk to it

If they must tie belongings to the walker; have
them tie it to the side & not the front (can tip over); no wheels/tennis balls (per boards!)

45
Q

Walkers-
Never try to use __________ or ______________.
Elbows flexed at ______ to _____degrees. Same measurements as cane.
Step first with ______ leg then follow with ________
leg.
Do not ______ _ ________________when walking.

A

Walkers-
Never try to use ___stairs or _ escalators.
Elbows flexed at __20 to _30 degrees. Same measurements as cane.
Step first with ____bad leg then follow with good
leg.
Do not _pick the walker up when walking.

46
Q

How do you do 2 point gait ?

A

2-Point Gait

i. Step One: Move one crutch and opposite foot together
ii. Step Two: Move other crutch and other foot together
iii. Remember: 2 points together for a 2 point gait
iv. Examples: one knee replacement

47
Q

How do you do 3 point gait ?

A

3-Point Gait
i. Step One: Move two crutches and bad leg together
ii. Step Two: move good foot by self
iii. Remember: 3 point is called 3 point because three points
touch down at once
iv. Examples: Stairs

48
Q

How do you do 4 point gait ?

A

4-Point Gait

i. Step One: One crutch
ii. Step Two: Opposite foot
iii. Step Three: Other Crutch
iv. Step Four: Other food
v. Examples: total both knee right after surgery

49
Q

How do you do swing through?

Who is swing through for ?

A

Swing- through: . NON-weight bearing.. amputations plant the crutches & swing through
i. Examples:

50
Q

When to use each gait ?

A

Even for even an odd for odd

a. Use the even numbered gaits (2&4 point) when weakness is 
evenly distributed (bilateral). Two point for mild problem; four-point 
for severe problem

b. Use the odd numbered gait (3 point) when one leg is odd
(unilateral problem)

51
Q

Which gait would you use for a left above knee amputee:

A

Swing through

52
Q

Which gait would you use for a 1st day post op R knee replacement; partial weight bearing allowed

A

3

53
Q

Which gait would you use for a advanced stages:

A

4

54
Q

Which gait would you use for a left hip replacement; 2nd day post op non weight bearing

A

Swing through

55
Q

Which gait would you use for a bilateral knee replacement

A

4

56
Q

Which gait would you use for a bilateral total knee; 3 weeks post op:

A

2

57
Q

Promoting Circulation

1.)Thromboembolic Compression (TED) holes -you put them on your_____

What do you need know abt Sequential Compression device?

What do you need to monitor with Sequential Compression device?

U need an order for both of these and found out the size by measuring the calf

Clients are NOT ALLOWED TO:

  2. 3.
A

1.)Thromboembolic Compression (TED) holes -you put them on your patient before they get out of bed

58
Q

2.)Sequential Compression device-_____

What are these attach to what ?

When need to monitor what ? And why ? How do you check this ?

A

2.)Sequential Compression device-Machines that are promoting circulation by putting force gradually on and off the patients leg.

Know the right size these are attached to a pump
so monitor your patient skin integrity make sure the pump is not applying too much forced to your patient ( by checking Leg indentations )

U need an order for both of these and found out the size by measuring the calf

Clients are NOT ALLOWED TO:

  1. Cross their legs
  2. Sit for long periods of time
  3. Put pillow behind the knees
59
Q

What do you need for both TED/sequential compression device ?

How do you find out the size ?

Clients are not allowed to do what ?

A

U need an order for both of these and found out the size by measuring the calf

Clients are NOT ALLOWED TO:

  1. Cross their legs
  2. Sit for long periods of time
  3. Put pillow behind the knees

nclex 3 (12 decks)

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