Arthritis

Question 1

How does cartilage look during Osteoarthritis

Answer 1

Dull, yellow, and granular
Soft and less elastic
Less able to resist wear with heavy use

Question 2

Osteoarthritis symptoms

Answer 2

• Range from mild discomfort to significant disability; localized pain and stiffness, crepitation
• Deformity

Question 3

Rheumatoid arthritis Symptoms

Answer 3

• fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, and generalized stiffness may precede the onset of arthritic complaints.
• pain, stiffness, limitation of movement, signs of inflammation
• As disease progresses, it leads to deformity and disability.

Question 4

Three most common: Extra-articular manifestations

Answer 4

Rheumatoid nodules
Sjögren’s syndrome
Felty’s syndrome

Question 5

RA Care

Answer 5

• education and drug therapy.
• Physiotherapy helps maintain joint motion and muscle strength.
• Occupational therapy develops extremity function and encourages joint protection.

Question 6

Ankylosing Spondylitis Care

Answer 6

Care is aimed at maintaining maximal skeletal mobility while decreasing pain and inflammation.
Heat applications can help in the relief of local symptoms.
NSAIDs and salicylates are commonly prescribed.
Exercise
Postural control

Question 7

Fibromyalgia Symptoms

Answer 7

Head or facial pain originates from stiff or painful neck and shoulder muscles.
Nonrestorative sleep
Fatigue
Temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction

Question 8

Pathophysiology of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Answer 8

• Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) attack the proteins of the DNA strand.
• Immune complexes (antigen-antibody complexes) lodge inside the basement membrane
• These immune complexes initiate an inflammatory response that destroys tissue in the area.
• B cells and T cells trigger an exaggerated immune response as well. This causes further tissue destruction.