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Spinal Anatomy Exam 3 > ARTHOLOGY OF THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN - intervertebral disc ligaments > Flashcards

ARTHOLOGY OF THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN - intervertebral disc ligaments Flashcards

1
Q

What vertebral levels will the ALL attach to?

A

those between occiput and S3 invlusive are traditionally indicated

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2
Q

What is the function of the ALL?

A

it brakes or limits dorsi-flexion or hyperextension of the vertebral column

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3
Q

What was ossification of the ALL in the lumbar region identified as?

A

Forestier’s Disease

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4
Q

ALL ossification in the lumbar region is now identified as ___?

A

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis or DISH

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5
Q

What vertebral levels will the PLL attach to?

A

those between C2 and S3 inclusive are traditionallly indicated

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6
Q

Newer research suggests what regional variation in the PLL?

A

prominent in cervicals, occasional in thoracics, rare in lumbars

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7
Q

Newer research suggests what regional variation in the PLL?

A

prominent in the cervicals, occasional in the thoracics, rare in the lumbars

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8
Q

What is the relationship of the PLL to the vertebral foramen?

A

it forms the anterior boundary of the spinal canal

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9
Q

What is the appearance of the posterior longitudinal ligament along the thoracic spine

A

it is hourglass shaped along its lateral margins

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10
Q

Where is ossification of the PLL most commonly identified?

A

the cervical spine with an 80% incidence

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11
Q

What is the clinical sign of PLL ossification in the cervical spine?

A

a loss of hand and finger dexterity

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12
Q

What is the clinical sign of PLL ossification in the lumbar spine?

A

faltering gait

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13
Q

What is the gender, age, and ethnic bias associated with ossification of the PLL?

A

it is greater in males over 50 and has a higher incidence in the Japanese

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14
Q

What is the acronym for ossification of the PLL?

A

OPLL

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15
Q

At one time ossification of the PLL was an example of what condition?

A

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis or DISH

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16
Q

What vertebral levels wil the ligamenum flavum be attached to?

A

those between C2 and S1 inclusive are traditionally indicated

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17
Q

What are the specific bony attaching sites for the ligamentum flavum?

A

the laminae

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18
Q

What will the ligamentum flavum attach to in addition to the lamina?

A

they may blend with the capsular ligament of the zygapophysis

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19
Q

What is the name given to the ligamentum flavum based on appearance and histology?

A

it is a yellow elastic ligament

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20
Q

What fibers are most ligaments made up of?

A

collagen type I fibers which are whitish in appearance

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21
Q

What is the color of most ligaments in the body?

A

they are whitish

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22
Q

What is now thought to be a major function of the ligamentum flavum?

A

it is an early prime factor in extension of the vertebral column

23
Q

Where is ossification of the ligamentum flavum most commonly identified?

A

the thoracic spine or thoracolumbar transition zone

24
Q

What is the acronym for ossification of the ligamentum flavum?

A

OLF

25
Q

What is the relationship between the capsular ligament and mobility?

A

the more lax/loose the capsular ligament is, the greater the motion of the joint

26
Q

What regions of the vertebral column demonstrate the greatest laxity of capsular ligaments?

A

the cervical and lumbar regions

27
Q

What layers are present in the capsular ligament?

A

a superficial layer of collagen fibers and a deep layer of elastic fibers

28
Q

The capsular ligament may blend with which other common ligament?

A

the ligamentum flavum

29
Q

What muscle will blend with the capsular ligament posteriorly?

A

the multifidis

30
Q

What is the pattern of innervation for the zygapophysis capsular ligament?

A

it is typically innervated by 3 spinal nerves

31
Q

If the zygapophyseal capsular ligament is not significantly involved in restricting motion what is its function?

A

it is probably involved in proprioceptive feedback to the muscles stabilizing the vertebral couple during movement

32
Q

What vertebral levels will the interspinous ligament be attached to

A

those betweeen C2 and S1 inclusive are traditionally indicated

33
Q

What is the status of the human interspinous ligament compared with other common ligaments?

A

they are poorly developed as ligaments although collagen fibers are present

34
Q

What is the status of the cervical interspinous ligament?

A

it is lacking, poorly developed, or simply considered the deep anterior part of the ligamentum nuchae

35
Q

What is the status of the lumbar interspinous ligament?

A

it is broad and thick with three layers identified from anterior to posterior

36
Q

What is the classic function of the interspinous ligament?

A

it brakes or limits flexion of the vertebral column

37
Q

What is now thought to be a major function of the interspinous ligament?

A

it is more likely a proprioceptive transducer for the spinal reflex

38
Q

What will the ligamentum nuchae be attached to?

A

the external occipital protuberance, external occipital crest, the posterior tubercle of the posterior arch of C1, and spinous tubercles between C2 and C7 inclusive are traditionally indicated

39
Q

What is the name given to the superficial layer of the ligamentum nuchae?

A

the funicular layer or part

40
Q

What is the name given to the deep layer of the ligamentum nuchae?

A

the lamellar layer or part

41
Q

What are the attachment sites for the superficial layer of the ligamentum nuchae?

A

the lamellar layer or part

42
Q

What are the attachment sites for the superficial layer of the ligamentum nuchae?

A

the external occipital protuberance, external occipital crest, and spinous tubercle of C7

43
Q

What is the histological make-up of the ligamentum nuchae in quadrupeds?

A

it is a yellow elastic ligament

44
Q

What is the primary yellow elastic or elastic ligament of the spine?

A

the ligamentum flavum

45
Q

What will the supraspinous ligament be attached to?

A

the spinous tubercles along the vertebral column from C7 to sacrum

46
Q

What is the termination level inferiorly for the supraspinous ligament according to current literature?

A

primarily at L4 (73%); between L4 and L5 (5%)

47
Q

Where is the supraspinous ligament said to be best developed?

A

in the lumbar spine

48
Q

What is now thought to be a major function of the suprasinous ligament?

A

it is a proprioceptive transducer for the spinal reflex

49
Q

What will the intertransverse ligament be attached to?

A

the transverse tubercles and transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae along the vertebral column from C1 to L5

50
Q

What is the status of the cervical intertransverse ligament?

A

it is said to b epaired with an anterior and a posterior intertransverse ligament present

51
Q

What is the status of the lumbar intertransverse ligament?

A

it is well developed with two parts identified, a ventral slip and a dorsal slip

52
Q

What part of the lumbar intertransverse ligament covers the intervertebral foramen?

A

the ventral slip

53
Q

What part of the intertransverse ligament in the lumbar spine divides the body wall into an anterior muscular compartment and a posterior muscular compartment?

A

the dorsal slip

Spinal Anatomy Exam 3 (15 decks)

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