Artery of Head and Neck

Question 1

desribe the other arteies of the neck

Answer 1

The neck is supplied by arteries other than the carotids. The right and left subclavian arteries give rise to the thyrocervical trunk. From this trunk, several vessels arise, which go on to supply the neck.

The first branch of the thyrocervical trunk is the inferior thyroid artery. It supplies the thyroid gland
The ascending cervical artery arises from the inferior thyroid artery, as it turns medially in the neck. This vessel supplies the posterior prevertebral muscles.
The transverse cervical artery is the next branch off the thyrocervical trunk. It crosses the base of the carotid triangle, and supplies the trapezius and rhomboid muscles.
Lastly, the suprascapular artery arises. It supplies the posterior shoulder area.

Question 2

desribe the verterral arteries

Answer 2

Fig 1.5 - Blood supply to the brain via the vertebral arteries
The right and left vertebral arteries arise from the subclavian arteries, medial to the anterior scalene muscle. They then ascend up the posterior side of the neck, through holes in the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae, known as foramen transversarium.

The vertebral arteries enter the cranial cavity via the foramen magnum, and converge. They then give rise to the basilar arteries, which supply the brain. The vertebral arteries supply no branches to the neck, or extra-cranial structures.

Question 3

desribe the internal cacrotid artery

Answer 3

The internal carotid arteries do not supply any structures in the neck, entering the cranial cavity via the carotid canal in the petrous part of the temporal bone. Within the cranial cavity, the internal carotid artery supplies:

The brain
Eyes
Forehead

Question 4

desribe the external cacrotid artery

Answer 4

The external carotid artery supplies the areas of the head and neck external to the cranium. After arising from the common carotid artery, it travels up the neck, posterior to the mandibular neck and anterior to the lobule of the ear. The artery ends within the parotid gland, by dividing into the superficial temporal artery and the maxillary artery. Before terminating, the external carotid artery gives off six branches:

Superior thyroid artery
Lingual artery
Facial artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery
Occipital artery
Posterior auricular artery
The facial, maxillary and superficial temporal arteries are the major branches of note. The maxillary artery supplies the deep structures of the face, while the facial and superficial temporal arteries generally supply superficial areas of the face.

Question 5

what does the maority of the hea dand neck receive blood supply from

Answer 5

hrough the carotid and vertebral arteries

Question 6

wheere does the right carotid artery orginte

Answer 6

The right common carotid artery arises from a bifurcation of the brachiocephalic trunk (the right subclavian artery is the other branch). This bifurcation occurs roughly at the level of the right sternoclavicular joint.

Question 7

path of tle left cartoids from

Answer 7

joint.

The left common carotid artery branches directly from the arch of aorta. The left and right common carotid arteries ascend up the neck, lateral to the trachea and the oesophagus. They do not give off any branches in the neck.

Question 8

what happens to the carotids at t4

Answer 8

At the level of the superior margin of the thyroid cartilage (C4), the carotid arteries split into the external and internal carotid arteries. This bifurcation occurs in an anatomical area known as the carotid triangle.

Question 9

what is the carotid sinus

Answer 9

he common carotid and internal carotid are slightly dilated in the carotid sinus this area is known as the carotid sinus, and is important in detecting and regulating blood pressure.