Arteries, Veins, & Nerves of Limbs

Question 1

What is the main arterial supply to the upper limb?

Answer 1

• the subclavian artery

Question 2

What is the old traditional name for the brachiocephalic artery?

Answer 2

• the innominate artery

Question 3

What is another name for the internal thoracic artery?

Answer 3

• the internal mammary

Question 4

What are the 4 branches of the subclavian artery?

Answer 4

• the vertebral artery, internal thoracic artery, thyrocervical trunk, and costocervical trunk

Question 5

At what point does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery?

Answer 5

• at the outer edge of the 1st rib

Question 6

At what point does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?

Answer 6

• at the lower border of the teres major muscle (the lower border of the axilla)

Question 7

What do we find in the cubital fossa going from lateral to medial?

Answer 7

• the tendon of the biceps brachii, the brachial artery, and the median nerve

Question 8

At what point does the brachial artery become the radial and ulnar arteries?

Answer 8

• at the level of the neck of the radius

Question 9

The ______ artery forms the deep palmar arch (coming from the ______ side of the hand), while the ______ artery forms the superficial palmar arch (coming from the ______ side).

Answer 9

• radial forms deep, comes from the posterior side

- ulnar forms superficial, comes from the anterior side

Question 10

The palmar arches give rise to which arteries? How many of these arteries does each finger get?

Answer 10

• the digital arteries

- each finger gets 4 digital arteries

Question 11

Which 5 major veins drain the upper limb?

Answer 11

• the subclavian, axillary, brachial, basilic, and cephalic veins
• (subclavian dumps into the brachiocephalic vein)

Question 12

The basilic vein runs MEDIAL/LATERAL to the brachial vein.

Answer 12

• medial

Question 13

Name the branches of the popliteal artery in the proper order.

Answer 13

• branches into the anterior tibial artery and then the fibular artery before continuing on as the posterior tibial artery

Question 14

What are the two main bifurications for deep vein thromboses to occur?

Answer 14

• the bifurication of the common femoral into the superficial and deep branches
• the bifurication of the popliteal into the posterior tibial and fibular arteries

Question 15

The _________ artery becomes the dorsalis pedis artery, while the ________ artery becomes the ________ arteries.

Answer 15

• anterior tibial becomes dorsalis pedis

- posterior tibial becomes (medial & lateral) plantar arteries

Question 16

The dorsalis pedis branches off into the:

Answer 16

• the arcuate artery and then the deep plantar artery

Question 17

Which arteries form the plantar arch?

Answer 17

• the deep plantar artery (from the dorsalis pedis) and the plantar arteries (from the posterior tibial)

Question 18

The plantar arch gives rise to which arteries? These, in turn, give rise to which arteries?

Answer 18

• the plantar metatarsal arteries, which give rise to the plantar digital arteries

Question 19

The arcuate artery gives rise to which arteries? These, in turn, give rise to which arteries?

Answer 19

• the dorsal metatarsal arteries, which give rise to the dorsal digital arteries

Question 20

What are the three mechanisms that allow venous flow against gravity?

Answer 20

• musculo-venous pump, arterial inflow, and respiratory pressure changes

Question 21

Which major vein runs anteriorly up the lower limb? What about posteriorly?

Answer 21

• anterior: great saphenous vein (joins the femoral vein right near the external iliac vein)
• posterior: lesser saphenous vein (joins the femoral vein around the knee area)

Question 22

The junction where the great saphenous and the femoral veins join is known as:

Answer 22

• the saphenofemoral junction