Arteries Flashcards
What are the two groups of arteries?
pulmonary system and aorta system.
What is the pulmonary system?
this takes deoxygenated blood from right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for hematosis.
What is the aortic system?
this takes oxygenated blood to all parts of the body including the heart.
What is arterial anastomoses?
a communication link between vessels and their neighbours.
What are the different types of anastomoses?
arch, convergent, transverse and rete mirabilis.
Describe rete mirabilis
rete mirabilis is a anastomoses which consists of one artery being divided into smaller parts and taken up by another artery. There are no capillaries.
this is advantageous when regulating blood pressure.
What is the significance of the pulmonary trunk?
This is the artery which carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
What is the primitive aorta?
a large primitive vessel which is yellow and elastic.
What are the coronary arteries?
right coronary artery - arteria coronaria dextra
left coronary artery - arteria coronaria sinistra
What are the features of the cranial aorta?
- comes from aortic arch
- subclavian arteries to forelimbs
- common carotid arteries to head and neck
What are species differences with subclaivian arteries?
- carnivores, rabbits, humans and pigs = left subclavin comes off independently from primitive aorta.
What are species differences with the common carotid artery?
in rabbits and humans the left common carotid comes off independently from primitive aorta.
What is the main role of the subclavian artery?
to supply oxygenated blood to the head, neck and thorax.
What are the collaterals of the subclavian in the horse and what do they supply?
they supply for the forelimb. axillary artery (median side of the lungs) costo-cervical trunk deep cervical artery vertebral artery internal thoracic artery superficial cervical external thoracic artery
What are the collaterals of the subclavian in the dog?
vertebral artery
costo-cervical trunk
internal thoracic artery
superficial cervical trunk
What are the collaterals of the subclavian in the cow?
costo-cervical trunk deep cervical artery vertebral artery internal thoracic artery superficial cervical artery external thoracic artery
What do common carotid arteries become?
external (head supply) and internal (brain supply) carotid arteries.
What are some of the collaterals of the common carotid arteries?
cranial thyroid artery (arteria thyroidea cranalis) and caudal thyroid artery (arteria caudalis thyroidea)
What is direction of flow in horse forelimb arteries?
axillary artery —> brachial artery —> median artery —> radial artery —> medial palmer or common artery —> medial and lateral digital arteries.
What is the direction of flow in the cow forelimb arteries?
axillary artery —> brachial artery —> median artery —> radial artery —> palmer common digital artery.
What is the direction of flow in the dog forelimb arteries?
axillary artery —> brachial artery —> median, ulnar and radial arteries —> dorsal common digital arteries —> dorsal metacarpal arteries —> palmer common digital arteries —> palmer metacarpal arteries.
Is the palmer network stronger than the dorsal network?
yes
What are the superficial artery networks of the manus?
dorsal and palmer common digital arteries
What are the deep artery networks of the manus?
dorsal and palmer metacarpal arterie
What do the superficial and deep arteries of the manus form?
dorsal and palmer digital arteries.
Where does the caudal aorta run?
it runs through the thorax and abdomen and ends by 4 iliac arteries and then sacral artery.
