Arteries Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two groups of arteries?

A

pulmonary system and aorta system.

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2
Q

What is the pulmonary system?

A

this takes deoxygenated blood from right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for hematosis.

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3
Q

What is the aortic system?

A

this takes oxygenated blood to all parts of the body including the heart.

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4
Q

What is arterial anastomoses?

A

a communication link between vessels and their neighbours.

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5
Q

What are the different types of anastomoses?

A

arch, convergent, transverse and rete mirabilis.

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6
Q

Describe rete mirabilis

A

rete mirabilis is a anastomoses which consists of one artery being divided into smaller parts and taken up by another artery. There are no capillaries.
this is advantageous when regulating blood pressure.

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7
Q

What is the significance of the pulmonary trunk?

A

This is the artery which carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

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8
Q

What is the primitive aorta?

A

a large primitive vessel which is yellow and elastic.

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9
Q

What are the coronary arteries?

A

right coronary artery - arteria coronaria dextra

left coronary artery - arteria coronaria sinistra

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10
Q

What are the features of the cranial aorta?

A
  • comes from aortic arch
  • subclavian arteries to forelimbs
  • common carotid arteries to head and neck
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11
Q

What are species differences with subclaivian arteries?

A
  • carnivores, rabbits, humans and pigs = left subclavin comes off independently from primitive aorta.
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12
Q

What are species differences with the common carotid artery?

A

in rabbits and humans the left common carotid comes off independently from primitive aorta.

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13
Q

What is the main role of the subclavian artery?

A

to supply oxygenated blood to the head, neck and thorax.

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14
Q

What are the collaterals of the subclavian in the horse and what do they supply?

A
they supply for the forelimb.
axillary artery (median side of the lungs)
costo-cervical trunk 
deep cervical artery 
vertebral artery 
internal thoracic artery 
superficial cervical 
external thoracic artery
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15
Q

What are the collaterals of the subclavian in the dog?

A

vertebral artery
costo-cervical trunk
internal thoracic artery
superficial cervical trunk

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16
Q

What are the collaterals of the subclavian in the cow?

A
costo-cervical trunk
deep cervical artery 
vertebral artery
internal thoracic artery 
superficial cervical artery 
external thoracic artery
17
Q

What do common carotid arteries become?

A

external (head supply) and internal (brain supply) carotid arteries.

18
Q

What are some of the collaterals of the common carotid arteries?

A

cranial thyroid artery (arteria thyroidea cranalis) and caudal thyroid artery (arteria caudalis thyroidea)

19
Q

What is direction of flow in horse forelimb arteries?

A

axillary artery —> brachial artery —> median artery —> radial artery —> medial palmer or common artery —> medial and lateral digital arteries.

20
Q

What is the direction of flow in the cow forelimb arteries?

A

axillary artery —> brachial artery —> median artery —> radial artery —> palmer common digital artery.

21
Q

What is the direction of flow in the dog forelimb arteries?

A

axillary artery —> brachial artery —> median, ulnar and radial arteries —> dorsal common digital arteries —> dorsal metacarpal arteries —> palmer common digital arteries —> palmer metacarpal arteries.

22
Q

Is the palmer network stronger than the dorsal network?

A

yes

23
Q

What are the superficial artery networks of the manus?

A

dorsal and palmer common digital arteries

24
Q

What are the deep artery networks of the manus?

A

dorsal and palmer metacarpal arterie

25
Q

What do the superficial and deep arteries of the manus form?

A

dorsal and palmer digital arteries.

26
Q

Where does the caudal aorta run?

A

it runs through the thorax and abdomen and ends by 4 iliac arteries and then sacral artery.