Art Movements Flashcards
When did the Baroque period occur?
late 16th century to the mid-18th century
How did the Baroque differ from the Renaissance?
less static than the Renaissance and characterized by a greater sense of movement and energy
Jesuits
founded to convert the peoples of areas outside of Spain and Italy
Who were three of the most powerful sovereigns during the 17th and 18th centuries?
Empress Maria Theresa of Austria, Peter the Great and Catherine the Great of Russia, and King Louis XIV of France
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
an Enlightenment author who wrote about class disparities
Caravaggio
an Italian Baroque painter who was renowned for his dramatic use of chiaroscuro and provocative degree of naturalism
Caravaggesque
term used to describe artworks using extremes of dark and light
Artemisia Gentileschi
the daughter of a painter who is known for her adaptation of Caravaggio’s techniques, self-portraits, and paintings of Old Testament women
Gianlorenzo Bernini
the most important Baroque artist and sculptor whose works reflected the influence of his theatrical background
Which professions did Bernini take up during his lifetime?
sculptor, theater designer, architect, painter, and draftsmen
Ecstasy of Saint Teresa
a naturalistic marble sculpture of Saint Teresa that is shown in dramatic gold lighting from a concealed stained-glass window
Where is the Ecstasy of Saint Teresa set into altar?
the Cornaro Chapel
Peter Paul Rubens
established a huge workshop in Flanders and produced works of great energy and color that served as models for later artists
Rembrandt van Rijn
mid-17th century Dutch artist best known as one of the greatest draftsmen, a painter, and a printer (yet died in poverty)
What is The Night Watch more properly known as?
Sortie of Captain Banning Cocq’s Company of the Civic Guard
The Night Watch
Rembrandt painting that represented a break from tradition by showing more attention to some members than others despite all paying a certain sum to be included in the painting
Where might it be argued that the Baroque period reached its peak?
France
Who began construction of the palace at Versailles?
King Louis XIV
When was the palace at Versailles built?
1669
How much ground did the palace at Versailles cover?
2000 acres
Orangerie
greenhouse
What was included at Versailles?
grand chateaux and gardens, a stable for hundred of horses, an orangerie for orange trees, a zoo, a system of fountains and waterfalls, and a grand canal large enough for staging mock sea battles
What was the nickname given to King Louis XIV to refer to his power and opulence?
the “sun king”
Salon
an annual exhibition that established a set of rules for judging art that influenced art well into the 19th century