Arrhythmia and EKG interpretation

Question 1

Answer 1

sinus tachycardia

Question 2

Answer 2

sinus bradycardia

Question 3

Answer 3

SVT or paroxysmal atrial tachycardia

Question 4

Answer 4

Sinoatrial block

Question 5

Answer 5

1st degree heart block

Question 6

Answer 6

2nd-degree heart block, Mobitz type 1 aka Wenckebach

Question 7

Answer 7

2nd-degree heart block, Mobitz type 2

Question 8

Answer 8

3rd degree heart block

Question 9

Answer 9

Atrial flutter

Question 10

Answer 10

Atrial fibrillation

Question 11

Answer 11

Incomplete intraventricular block - alternans

Question 12

Answer 12

Premature contraction - AV nodal/bundle cource

Question 13

Answer 13

Premature contraction - AV nodal/bundle cource

Question 14

Answer 14

premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)

Question 15

Answer 15

Ventricular tachycardia - paroxysmal

Question 16

Answer 16

Torsades de pointes

Question 17

Answer 17

Ventricular fibrillation

Question 18

Ventricular premature depolarizations can lead to _____ which can lead to ______

Answer 18

Torsades de pointes
Ventricular fibrillation

Question 19

What are the 2 types of ventricular premature depolarization?

Answer 19

Early after depolarization (EAD)
Delayed after depolarization (DAD)

Question 20

What conditions can cause sinus tachycardia?

Answer 20

1. increased body temp
2. sympathetic stimulation (blood loss, reflex stimulation of heart)
3. toxic conditions of the heart (acidosis)

Question 21

What arrhythmia is characterized by:
high heart rate driven by abnormal atrial excitation
P and T waves may overlap d/t timing
Frequently comes and goes

Answer 21

Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia

Question 22

What are the 3 listed treatments for paroxysmal atrial tachycardia?

Answer 22

Vagal reflex, beta blocker, digoxin

Question 23

What arrhythmia is characterized by:

Cessation of P waves
New pacemaker is region of heart with the fastest discharge rate, usually the AV node?

Answer 23

Sinoatrial block

Question 24

What arrhythmia is characterized by:

PR interval > 0.2sec?

Answer 24

1st degree block

Question 25

What are common causes of atrioventricular block?

Answer 25

1. ischemia of AV nodal or AV bundle fibers (can be caused by coronary ischemia)
2. Compression of AV bundle (by scar or calcified tissue)
3. AV nodal or AV bundle inflammation
4. Excessive vagal stimulation
5. Excess digitalis/beta blockers

Question 26

What arrhythmia is characterized by:

PR interval duration 0.25-0.45sec
Some impulses pass through the AV node and some do not
Dropped beats
atrial faster than ventricles
irregular PR intervals

Answer 26

Mobitz type 1: 2nd degree block

Question 27

What arrhythmia is characterized by:

PR interval duration 0.25-0.45sec
Some impulses pass through the AV node and some do not
Dropped beats
atrial faster than ventricles
fixed ratio and PR intervals

Answer 27

Mobitz Type 2: 2nd degree block

Question 28

What arrhythmia is characterized by:

complete dissociation of QRS from P waves
ventricular escape @ 15-40bpm
atrial rate elevated

Answer 28

3rd degree block

Question 29

Why is atrial rate faster than ventricular rate in 3rd degree block?

Answer 29

complete dissociation between atria and ventricles. ventricular escape rhythm causes low BP > baroreceptors sense low pressure > feedback causes sympathetic stimulation increasing SA node firing.

Question 30

What arrhythmia is characterized by:

circular reentry pathways
only some waves are able to penetrate refractory period of AV node
high atrial and ventricular heart rates

Answer 30

atrial flutter

Question 31

What arrhythmia is characterized by:

uncoordinated
ectopic pacemakers and circus movements

Answer 31

atrial fibrillation

Question 32

What arrhythmia is characterized by:

Irregular complete AV block happens from time to time
fainting d/t low pressure
ventricular escape is delayed until resumes at 15-40bpm

Answer 32

Stokes-Adams syndrome