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CV Module > Arrhythmia > Flashcards

Arrhythmia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common cause of Sudden Cardiac death?

A

Ventricular Fibrillation

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2
Q

What is the most common cause of Stroke?

A

Atrial Fibrillation

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3
Q

What does the P-Wave represent?

A

Depolarization of the Atria

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4
Q

Those tisses with slower Action potentials are dependent upon what?

A

Calcium

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5
Q

How can Ventricular Hypertrophy be diagnosed on ECG?

A

Height of the R wave is markedly increased

T Wave reversal

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6
Q

What is the mechanism of the ECG abnormalities in Ventricular Hypertrophy

A

Increased muscle mass delays depolarization and repolarization

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7
Q

Is Bundle Branch Block always pathological?

A

Yes

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8
Q

What are the EKG features of Bundle Branch Block?

A

Wide QRS

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9
Q

What is the pathophysiology of Bundle Branch Block

A

Delayed activation of the ventricle since conduction tissue is blocked

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10
Q

What is the PR interval?

A

Conduction through the AV node

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11
Q

What is the RS interval

A

Polarization of the ventricles

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12
Q

What does the T wave represent?

A

Repolarization

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13
Q

What does the Q wave represent?

A

Septal depolarization

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14
Q

What are the 2 MAJOR MECHANISMS* of Cardiac ARRHYTHMIAS?

A
  1. Altered Automaticity

2. Reentry

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15
Q

What is Enhanced Automaticity?

A

Occures when there is a depolarization outside the normal cycle

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16
Q

What phase of the action potential has been altered in Enhanced Automaticity?

A

Phase 4 and it is raised threshold potential

17
Q

What are possible causes of Enhanced Automaticity?

A
  1. Increases sympathetic tone
  2. Decreased parasympathetic tone
  3. CO2
  4. Digitalis
  5. Low oxygen
  6. Decreased Potassium
18
Q

What are some causes of reentry?

A

Ischemia
Valve disease
Cardiac Surgery
Electrolyte Imbalance

19
Q

What are some of the possible Clinical effects of Reentry?

A
  1. Premature Atrial Depolarization
  2. Supraventricular Tachycardia
  3. Ventricular Tachycardia
  4. Arrythmia in
20
Q

What must be present for reentry to occur?

A
  1. A contiguous alternative pathway for the current to move along
  2. Loop circuit
  3. Loop circuit + Unidirectional Blocc
  4. Different conduction (slower) velocity

CV Module (24 decks)

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