Army Operations (Unified Land Operations)

Question 1

What is Army Doctrine

Answer 1

A body of thought on how Army forces operate as an integral part of a joint force.

Question 2

What are the 3 Army Operational Concepts?

Answer 2

1. Airland Battle Doctrine (1982)
2. Full Spectrum Operations (2008)
3. Unified Land Operations (2011)

Question 3

Purpose of Airland Battle Doctrine?

Answer 3

Attempts to address the problem of flexible response to Soviet/Warsaw Pact numerical advantages in tanks, artillery, aircraft, armored personnel carriers and soldiers.

Question 4

Purpose of Full Spectrum Operations?

Answer 4

Argues that in addition to defeating the enemy , military must provide security for the population. (Stability are every level)

Question 5

Purpose of Unified Land Operations as an Operational Concept?

Answer 5

Adds that success requires fully integrating Army operations with the efforts of joint, interagency and multinational powers

Question 6

What is the Foundation of Unified Land Operations?

Answer 6

Describes how Army units seize, retain, and exploit the initiative to gain a position of relative advantage in sustained land operations through combination of offensive, defensive, and stability operations in order to prevent or deter conflict, prevail in war, and create conditions for favorable conflict resolution.

Question 7

What is Unified Action?

Answer 7

Synchronization, coordination, and integration of the activities of governmental and non-governmental entities with military operations to achieve unity of effort. (The Big picture)

Question 8

What is the Army’s Warfighting Doctrine?

Answer 8

Unified Land Operations.

Question 9

What are the four ELEMENTS of Decisive Action?

Answer 9

1. Offensive - outside
2. Defensive- outside
3. Stability - outside
4. Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA) - within US

Question 10

What is the purpose of Offensive tasks?

Answer 10

To defeat and destroy enemy forces, seize terrain, resources and population centers. To reveal enemy weaknesses.

Question 11

What are the four primary offensive TASKS?

Answer 11

1. Movement to contact- find the enemy
2. Attack
3. Exploitation- of tactical opportunity
4. Pursuit- prevent escape

Question 12

What is the purpose of defensive tasks?

Answer 12

Operations conducted to defeat an enemy attack, gain time, economize forces, and develop conditions favorable for offensive or stability tasks

Question 13

What are the three defensive operations?

Answer 13

1. Area defense- deny enemy access (artillery or road blocks)
2. Mobile defense- attack the enemy (ambush)
3. Retrograde- organized movement away from enemy (delay, withdrawal, retirement)

Question 14

Purpose of Stability tasks?

Answer 14

To maintain or reestablish a safe and secure environment, provide essential governmental services, emergency infrastructure reconstruction, and humanitarian relief.

Question 15

What are the six primary tasks of Stability operations?

Answer 15

1. Establish Civil Security- for host nation
2. Establish Civil Control- prevent lawlessness (curfew)
3. Restore Essential Services- food, shelter, medical
4. Support to Governance- legitimate political process, free press, etc
5. Support to Economic and Infrastructure Development- transportation, telecommunications, energy, municipal, etc
6. Conduct Security Cooperation- protect security interests, host-nation access

Question 16

What is the primary purpose of Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA) ?

Answer 16

Support provided by federal military and National Guard to help save lives, alleviate suffering, and protect property. (Within the US)

Assist civilian agencies (civilians in charge)

Question 17

What are the four core tasks in support of DSCA?

Answer 17

1. Provide support in response to disaster or terrorist attack
2. Provide support from CBRN incident
3. Support civil law enforcement
4. Provide other designated domestic support- preplanned, routine (firefighting, Olympics, special transportation, security)

Question 18

What are the three elements of Initiative? (Advantage)

Answer 18

1. Seize- setting and dictating the terms of action throughout the operation
2. Retain- requires sustained, relentless pressure on the enemy
3. Exploit- force the enemy to respond to friendly action, and make mistakes, allowing new opportunities for exploitation

Question 19

What is the purpose of “Consolidate gains?”

Answer 19

Activities to make enduring any temporary operational success and set the conditions for a stable environment allowing for a transition of control to legitimate authorities.

Question 20

What is the Mission Command philosophy?

Answer 20

The exercise of authority and direction by the commander using mission orders to enable disciplined initiative within the commander’s intent.

Question 21

What is Commander’s intent?

Answer 21

A clear and concise expression of the purpose of the operation and desired end state. Does not focus on specific details of how to do something.