Arms Race + Short Term Causes of WWI (quiz 6) Flashcards
What was the arms race about as much as nationalism and expansionism?
nations’ insecurity
What was seen as a valid means of foreign policy?
war
Which country was especially militaristic?
Germany
What did the quest for colonies make countries?
more militaristic
What impacted government attitudes towards war?
imperialism
What did militarism result in?
arms race
from 1870-1914, what changed in terms of great powers’ spending?
there was a four-fold increase in defence spending
Why did Germany want a large standing army?
They were worried due to their location close to France and Russia
How good was Germany’s standing army?
very - largest and best in the world
What worried Germany in 1914 with Russia?
They had the fastest growing army
What did nations introduce in addition to standing armies?
conscription
What did conscription mean for countries?
they had large numbers of trained reserves and many soldiers (except Britain)
what did imperialism lead to?
arms race
What did Germany want as stated by Kaiser Wilhelm in 1900?
‘a place in the sun’ = an empire as big as Britain’s
What did Germany need to keep up with Britain?
A large navy
Who introduced the German Navy Law?
Admiral Tirpitz
When was the German Navy Law introduced?
1900
What was the Germany Navy Law?
huge program of building war ships
Which countries built Dreadnoughts?
Germany and Britain
How did the Dreadnought race impact countries?
they reduced everybody else’s numbers to zero
How many Dreadnoughts did Britain want to have in 1909?
4
How many Dreadnoughts did the public in Britain want in 1909?
8
What were the effects of the arms race?
it increased suspicion and hatred of other nations, and have nations a reason to wage war
When was the First Moroccan Crisis?
1905
When was The Bosnian Crisis?
1908
When was The Second Moroccan Crisis (Agadir Crisis)?
1911
When was the Sarajevo Crisis?
1914
What was the relationship between France and Morocco before the First Moroccan Crisis?
Morocco was weak and France wanted to conquer it
Where was the French Army based in 1903?
on the Moroccan border
What did France do in February of 1905?
demanded control over Moroccan army and police, though the sultan refused
What did Kaiser Wilhelm do in March of 1905 involving the First Moroccan Crisis?
he visits Tangiers in Morocco, tells French agent (Count Cherisay) that he wanted free trade with them, gave speech to defend Morocco as a free nation
What did France and Germany do in the First Moroccan Crisis?
they both threatened war
Where was Britain’s stance on the First Moroccan Crisis?
They encouraged France to not give up when they were going to back down
When was the conference in Algeciras?
1906
What was Germany forced to do after the Algeciras conference?
they had to promise to stay out of Morocco
What were the outcomes of the First Moroccan Crisis?
France was angry with Germany, Britain was scared by German Empire, Germany was humiliated after conference
What did Algeciras convince Germany of?
That other countries were teaming up against them so they started preparing for war
What happened in 1908 involving the Bosnian Crisis?
Austria-Hungary takes the former Turkish province of Bosnia
What was Serbia’s response to Austria-Hungary taking Bosnia?
they were angry, threatened Austria-Hungary with war
How were alliances deployed in the Bosnian Crisis?
Russia mobalized its forces after Serbia’s threat to Austria-Hungary, Germany then mobalizes its forces to threaten Russia
How was war avoided with the Bosnian Crisis?
Russia backed down
What was the outcome of the Bosnian Crisis in 1911-1912?
war in Balkans, Balkan states drove Turkey out
What were the Balkan states fighting about after the Bosnian Crisis?
Which area should belong to which state
What did Austria-Hungary do when The Balkans were sorting out their land arrangements?
They intervened and forced Serbia to give up some acquisitions
Where was their an increaese in tension after the Bosnian Crisis?
between Serbia and Austria-Hungary
Who entered Algeciras in 1906?
the French foreign legion
What did France do involving Morocco in 1910?
they made a loan to Morocco, took control of costoms and taxes and send gunboats to Agadir in Morocco
What was going on in northern Morocco in March, 1911?
there was rebellion and the French sent army to defend which made Germany angry
What was Germany’s claim in June of 1911 involving the Second Moroccan Crisis?
that they needed to protect Germans in Southern Morocco even though there weren’t any in southern Morocco
What did Kaiser Wilhelm do in July of 1911 which ‘rescued’ one German?
Sent gunship Panther to Agadir
What did Lloyd George do after the Second Moroccan Crisis?
attacked Germany and promised support for France
When was the Treaty of Berlin made?
November of 1911
What was involved in the Treaty of Berlin?
Germany was forced to remove Panther and take a small piece of land in the Congo instead, Morocco becomes a French colony
