Aristotle

Question 1

Aristotle (dates)

Answer 1

384-322 BC

Question 2

Empiricist

Answer 2

Aristotle.
we get our knowledge from senses/experiences/observations

Question 3

What are Aristotle’s four causes, and what are they used for?

Answer 3

material, formal, efficient, final
to answer ‘why?’ questions

Question 4

Material cause

Answer 4

what something is made of

Question 5

Formal cause

Answer 5

its organisation and shape- they way it’s laid out

Question 6

Efficient cause

Answer 6

an action or event that led to it

Question 7

Final cause

Answer 7

its purpose/goal/use.

Question 8

What are the four causes of a human being?

Answer 8

material- blood, flesh, hair, skin
formal- arms, legs, skeleton
efficient- sex
final- reproduction, pleasure, knowledge and social duties.

Question 9

What is the final cause of human’s broken up into?

Answer 9

vegetative function- reproduction
animal function- to seek pleasure and avoid harm. to seek wealth
intellectual function- knowledge and wisdom to fulfil our potential (‘God gave you a brain, so use it’)
social function- social duties, friendships, love etc.