Arguments Based On Reason

Question 1

What is the Ontological argument

Answer 1

‘Being’, the argument of being

Question 2

What does the ontological argument attempt to prove

Answer 2

The existence of God by focusing on the nature of his existence

Question 3

What did Anselm argue

Answer 3

That God is ‘than which nothing greater can be conceived’.

Question 4

What did Anslem argue about athiests

Answer 4

That because they know the definition of God, being the greatest thing

Question 5

What are the first out of two forms of Anselm’s ontological argument

Answer 5

First form:
- God is ‘that than which nothing greater can be conceived’
- Beings that exist in both mind and reality are greater than those who are just in mind
- Therefore God is in both mind and reality because he is the greatest

Question 6

What is the second form of Anselm’s ontological argument

Answer 6

• A necessary being is greater than a contingent as contingent requires something
• God is a necessary being as everything depends on him

Question 7

What was Gaunilo’s book

Answer 7

On The behalf of the Fool

Question 8

What does Gaunilo criticise in the book about Anslem

Answer 8

According to Anselm, for something to be truly perfect it must exist in mind and reality.
Just because we imagine an island doesn’t mean its actually real, we all may have a different perspective of the perfect island..
YOU CANNOT JUST IMAGINE SOMETHING INTO EXISTANCE

Question 9

What does Anslem respond to Gaunilo

Answer 9

Its different because he’s arguing about necessary beings, islands can always be better, God cannot be any better

Question 10

What is Kants criticism of Anselm

Answer 10

Objection one - No actual proof that God exists, its just thought

Objection two - Anselm gives no actual further knowledge of God at all.

Question 11

What philosophers are in the argument based on reason

Answer 11

Ontological
Anslem
Gaunilo
Kant