Arguments

Question 1

Poll

Answer 1

(inductive)

conclusion made by a poll or survey

Question 2

Generalization

Answer 2

(inductive)

Start with a number of observed instances (a “sample”)
and reason to a conclusion about an extension of the
pattern to a larger class of things (the “population.”)

Question 3

Inference to the Best Explanation

Answer 3

(inductive)

There can be many possible causes for a conclusion, we believe the one that offers the best explanation

Question 4

Simple induction

Answer 4

(inductive)

Proportion X of group G has characteristic C.
Individual I is a member of G.
The probability that I has C is X

Question 5

Analogy

Answer 5

(inductive)

where perceived similarities are used as a basis to infer some further similarity that has not been observed yet

Question 6

BEST

Answer 6

Which explanation fits best with our Background knowledge?

Which explanation has the most Explanatory power?

Which explanation is Simple - does not require us to come up with weird stories?

Which explanation is Testable? - does it result in a prediction that, if it comes true, could support or refute your explanation?

Question 7

Modus Ponens

Answer 7

(deductive)

If A, then B.
A.
Therefore B

Question 8

Modus Tollens

Answer 8

(deductive)

If A, then B
Not B
Therefore Not A.

Question 9

Affirming the Consequent

Answer 9

(imposter)

If A, then B.
B.
Therefore A.

Question 10

Denying the Antecedent

Answer 10

(imposter)

If A, then B.
Not A.
Therefore Not B.