Approaches A03 :)

Question 1

Origins/introspection 3 (+)

Answer 1

(+) Scientific- same procedures and instructions
(+)helped psychology to emerge as a science
(+)Can be applied to modern psychotherapy and counselling where introspection is still used

Question 2

Origins/introspection 2 (-)

Answer 2

(-)very subjective, analysis of introspection based on opinion
(-)Criticised by behavioural psych who say internal thoughts can’t be studied scientifically

Question 3

Psychodynamic Appr 3(+)

Answer 3

(+)R.S: Little Hans
(+)P.A: psychotherapy (unconscious thoughts)
(+)Hugely influential in psych , Freud is founding father

Question 4

Psychodynamic Appr 2(-)

Answer 4

(-)Non- falsifiable, ideas too abstract and can’t be tested empirically
(-)Subjective research and theory, based of Freud opion on his own case study

Question 5

Learning/Behaviourist theory 3 (+)

Answer 5

(+)R.S- skinner, pavlov, little Albert
(+)P.A school reward systems
(+)Scientific credibility, well controlled lab experiments

Question 6

Learning/Behaviourist theory 2 (-)

Answer 6

(-)Too deterministic, ignores free will
(-) lacks cross species validity/ethics for Albert

Question 7

The humanistic approach 3 (+)

Answer 7

(+)P.A, business Maslow hierarchy, client centred therapy
(+)Acknowledges free will, choices in behaviour, reflects societies view
(+)Holistic, idiographic, positive view on humans

Question 8

The humanistic approach 2 (-)

Answer 8

(-)ignores other factors e.g biology
(-)non scientific, vague, abstract concepts, not well defined

Question 9

Cognitive approach 3 (+)

Answer 9

(+)R.S memory(Tulving),
(+)P.A CBT programmes
(+)scientific approach e.g lab experiments, brain scanning

Question 10

Cognitive approach 2 (-)

Answer 10

(-)Machine reductionism, based of computer model, ignores human emotion
(-)Open to Bias, studying internal mental processes is done by inference

Question 11

SLT 3 (+)

Answer 11

(+) R.S bandura, bobo dolls, kids vicariously reinforced
(+) Takes into count cognitive factors: Mediational processors - more comprehensive expl of learning
(+) Less deterministic, acknowledges free will, choose what u pay attention to

Question 12

SLT 2 (-)

Answer 12

(-)Flaws with main research, aggression too basic emotion to generalise. Not everyone who observes agression immitates it
(-)Reductionist. ignores impact of biology e.g: genes may effect behaviour. Diathesis stress model is bette r

Question 13

Biological approach 3 (+)

Answer 13

(+)wealth of research evidence e.g:neurochemical explanations of OCD
(+)many P.A e.g drug treatment
(+)scientific approach, empirical evidence, brain scans, objectivity

Question 14

Biological approach 2 (-)

Answer 14

(-)biological determinism, ignores free will
(-)Biological Reductionism, reduces behaviour down to most basic factors, ignoring other valid explanations e.g: environment