Approaches Flashcards
Psychology
The scientific study of the human mind and its functions , especially those functions affecting behaviour in a given context
Science
A means of acquiring knowledge through systematic and objective investigation. Aim is to discover general laws
Mediational processes
Cognitive factors that influence learning and come between stimulus and response
Internal mental processes
‘Private’ operations of the mind such as perception and attention that mediate between stimulus and response
Schema
A mental framework of beliefs and expectations that influence cognitive processing. Are developed from experience
Inference
The process whereby cognitive psychologists draw conclusions about the way mental processes operate on the basis of observed behaviour
Cognitive neuroscience
The scientific study of biological structures that underpin cognitive processes
Evolution
The changes in inherited characteristic in a biological population over successive generations
Free will
The notion that humans can make choices and are not determined by biological or external forces
Self-actualisation
The desire to grow psychologically and fulfil one’s potential - becoming what you are capable of
Hierarchy of needs
A 5 levelled hierarchical sequence in which the basic news like hunger must be satisfied before higher psychological needs can be achieved
Conditions of worth
When a parent places limits or boundaries on their love of their children. Eg, a parent saying to their kid ‘ I will only love you if you study medicine’
Genotype
The set of genes that a person possesses
Phenotype
The characteristics of an individual determined by both genes and the environment
Defence mechanisms
Unconscious strategies that the ego uses to manage the conflict between the id and the superego
