Applying Newtons Laws To Sports Flashcards

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1
Q

What is balance?
Types of balance
Examples

A

The ability to neutralise forces that disturb equilibrium

Static balance- stationary
-eg. Standing on one leg

Dynamic balance- moving
-eg. Scooping up a ball on the run

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2
Q

List the factors affecting balance and stability

A
  • centre of gravity
  • mass of object
  • size of base of support
  • height of centre of gravity above base of support
  • position of the line of gravity relative to base of support
  • increasing size of the base of support in direction of oncoming force
  • horizontally positioning centre of gravity near edge of base of support on side of external force
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3
Q

How does centre of gravity affect balance and stability

A
  • point around a bodies weight equally balanced in all directions
  • COG when standing is in abdominal cavity
  • position changes, so does COG
  • position of COG determines whether body is balanced
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4
Q

How does mass of object affect stability and balance?

A

The greater the mass, the greater the stability

-eg. Sumo wrestlers

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5
Q

How does size of base of support affect balance and stability?

A

The greater the area of support, the greater the stability

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6
Q

How does COG above base of support affect balance and stability?

A
  • The higher the COG above the base of support, the less stable the object is
  • Athletes bends at the knees to lower COG to increase stability
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7
Q

How does the position of the line of gravity relative to the base of support affect balance and stability?

A
  • Line of gravity is an imaginary vertical line passing downwards through COG.
  • Closer the line of gravity is to the limits of the base of support, the less stability of the object
  • Movement is the easier when line of gravity falls outside objects base of support
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8
Q

Factors affecting force production

A

Inertia- greater the mass of an object, more force (greater inertia) needed to move object

Mass- greater the mass of an object, the more force needed to move it

Velocity- more force is needed to continue velocity in a direction

Momentum- greater the momentum, more force needs to be applied to stop or slow down object

Impulse- longer force can be applied to an object, greater the size of force applied, greater the objects impulse

Acceleration- the more acceleration/faster speed that is needed to an object, the more force that needs to be applied

Conservation of momentum- the force of two objects that clash, momentum of one object is transferred with the other, no change in momentum, transfer of momentum, a lot of force produced then all force released on impact

Elasticity- more force needed to stretch or compress it- once it returns to normal shape, force exits the object

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9
Q

What is stability?
Types of stability
Examples

A

Objects resistance to movement, from a balanced position
Static stability- object is at rest - not moving linear or angular motion
-eg. Weightlifting
Dynamic stability- object is in motion - moving with linear or angular motion
-eg. Swimming

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