Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

13C-PE > Applied Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Applied Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

muscles in shoulder

A

pectorals

deltoids

latissimus dorsi

trapezius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

muscles in hip

A

gluteals

hamstring

psoas major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

muscles in elbow

A

bicep

tricep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

muscles in leg and knee

A

quads

hamstring

gastrocnemius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

muscles in ankle and foot

A

gastrocnemius

soleus

tibialis anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

muscles in core

A

abdominals

latissimus dorsi

rectus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

bones in shoulder

A

humerus

clavicle

scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

bones in hip

A

pelvis

femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

bones in elbow

A

radius

ulna

humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

bones in leg and knee

A

femur

patella

tibia

fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bones in ankle and foot

A

tibia

fibula

metatarsals

phalanges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

bones in wrist and hand

A

radius

ulna

carpals

metacarpals

phalanges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

bones in core

A

vertebral column

= cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

movement at shoulder

A

horizontal flexion and extension

abduction

adduction

rotation

circumduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

movement at hip

A

flexion

extension

abduction

adduction

rotation

circumduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

movement at elbow

A

flexion

extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

moment at leg and knee

A

flexion

extention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

movement at ankle and foot

A

plantar flexion

dorsi flexion

eversion

inversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

moment at core

A

rotation

flexion

extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

first class lever system

A

fulcrum in the middle

E.G: head and neck during neck extension

heading a ball during football

or elbow when engaging the tricep muscle in phases of a pressup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

second class lever system

A

load in the middle

E.G: ankle area when plantar flexion, standing on toes

during gymnastics routine preparation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

third class lever system

A

effort in the middle

E.G: bicep curl/ tennis

only when engaging bicep muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

three stages of the stretch shortening cycle

A

eccentric- stretch phase

amortisation- isometric/ transitiional

concentric- muscle shortening phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

eccentric phase of ssc

A

preloading muscle groups whilst lengthening the muscle

elastic energy stored in the tendon is released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

amortisation phase of the ssc

A

the time between the other two phases

must be kept short as energy stored in the eccentric phase dissipates heat, reducing power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

concentric phase of the ssc

A

used to increase the force produced during movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

types of muscle contraction

A

concentric

isometric

eccentric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

concentric contraction

A

muscle shortens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

eccentric contraction

A

muscle lengthens

30
Q

isometric contraction

A

muscle does not change as it is under constant tension

31
Q

Newton’s laws of motion

A

law of..

inertia

acceleration

action/reaction

32
Q

law of inertia

A

every opbject wilol remain in a state of rest or unifrom motion unless and external force acts upon it

33
Q

law of acceleration

A

f=ma

the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force applied and inversely proportional to the mass of the object

34
Q

law of action/ reaction

A

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

35
Q

centre of mass

A

base of support

line pf gravity must be close to centre for stability

36
Q

short term responses to exercise

A

increased HR

mircrotears

increased bl;ood supply

increased muscle temperature

increased lactate production

37
Q

long term effects of exercise

A

muscular hypotrophy

increased energy stores

increased bone density

increased tendon strength

increased myoglobin stores

38
Q

components of the respiratory system

A

nasal cavity - breathe in

epiglottis- beneath the tongue, prevent food in airway

pharynx- receives food

larynx- voice box

trachea- windpipe, filters dust

bronchus- divides into the lungs

bronchiolies- allow air flow

lungs-

alveoli- gaseous exchange

diaphragm- moves for inspiration

intercostal muscles- help ribcage breathe and relax

capillaries

39
Q

inspiration

A

intercostal muscles contract to elevate the ribs

diaphragm contracts and flattens to increase thoracic cavity

more air allowed in

40
Q

expiration

A

intercostal muscles relax to lower the ribs

the diaphragm relaxes and flattens to decrease thoracic cavity

more air out

41
Q

tidal volume

A

amount of air inspired/ expired normally at rest

42
Q

inspiratory reserve volume

A

the amount of extra air that can be inhaled above the tidal volume after forceful inhalation

43
Q

expiratory reserve volume

A

the amount of extra air that can be exhaled above the tidal volume after forceful exhalation

44
Q

residual volume

A

volume of air left in the lungs after a maximal exhalation

45
Q

vital capacity

A

forceable breath out after maximal breath in

46
Q

partial pressure

A

pressure that a gas exerts within a mix of gasses

47
Q

slow twitch fibre 1

A

long-distance endurance activities

contract slowly over a prolonged period of time

high level of resistance to fatigue

small in size

mitochondrial density is high

48
Q

fast twitch 2a

A

oxidative glycotic

large fibre

contract quickly

suitable for sprint/ power and strength

explosive movements

49
Q

fast twitch 2x

A

suitable for explosive movements

low level of O2 production

50
Q

types of energy sources

A

protein- last resort of energy, in the aerobic system

breaks down into amino acids and provided energy for prolonged periods - marathon

fat- twice as much energy as protein, however can only be burned aerobically along with protein

51
Q

role of ATP

A

ATP are molecules bonded together

breaking these bonds releases energy - ADP + PC

2-3 sec of work then 1-3 mins resynetheis

52
Q

ATP-PC system

A

1 atp formed for one mol glucose

in sarcoplasm

8-10 sec

1-3 mins

100m sprint/ weightlifiting

endothermic reaction reabsorbes the energy to create ATP

53
Q

Anaerobic glycotic system

A

2 atp formed for one mol glucsose

sarcoplasm

fuel of glucose

1/2 mins

1 hour recovery (sped up by cool down)

400m sprint

process of glycolosis turns glucose into pyruvate if phosophofruckinasise is added

54
Q

Aerobic sytem

A

part of krebs cycle

36 atp in the presence of oxygen

less than 90 sec

3 min recovery depending on intensity of exercise

55
Q

energy continuum

A

the relative contribution of each energy system to am exercise performance

56
Q

what causes fatigue

A

build-up of waste products

dehydration

57
Q

EPOC

A

excess post-exercise oxygen consumption

amount of 02 that the body consumes during exercise that is in excess of pre-exercise oxygen consumption

more 02 requires to resynthesize atp stores

58
Q

alactic debt

A

fast replenishment to resynethise atp

takes 1-3 min

59
Q

lactacid debt

A

slow component but sped up with cool down

flushes out waste products

takes 1 hour

60
Q

stages of recovery

A

thermoregulation through rehydration

48hr window of opportunity to replenish protein

61
Q

benefits of warm up

A

prepares body for exercise

increased body temp

cappilaries dialate

better blood flow

increased bp

62
Q

what is priming

A

high-intensity exercise before high-intensity activity- accelerates 02 uptake

increases the responsiveness to the demands of exercise

63
Q

carbohydrate loading

A

used prior to exercise

maximise glycogen stores

intense training 6-7 days before

decrease exercise levels and increase carbs 3-4 days before

stored in liver

64
Q

electrolyte solutions

A

hypotonic

isotonic

hypertonic

65
Q

hypertonic

A

HIGH - sugary

more that 10%

post exercisw after high intensity

e.g marathon

66
Q

hypotonic

A

LOWER - water

2-4%

quickly replenishes fluids and less cho replacment

max hydration

67
Q

isotonic

A

similar osmolarity to body -

6-8% allows for quick absorption

sports drinks w/ electrolites

during exercise

68
Q

supplements

A

creatine

sodium bicarbonate

caffine

cherry juice

vitamin d

69
Q

creatine

A

performance enhancing replenishes atp

helps decrease recovery time

allows grreater levels of force/ intensity

can lead to bloating

70
Q

sodium bicarbonate

A

buffers the build-up of lactate when consumed in correct quantities

if misused can cause nausea

reduces blood acidity

delays fatigue

71
Q

sodium bicarbonate

A

buffers the build-up of lactate when consumed in correct quantities

if misused can cause nausea

reduces blood acidity

delays fatigue

13C-PE (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions