Appendix 5: Word Roots Flashcards
1
Q
abdomin/o
A
abdomen
2
Q
acous,acus
A
sound,hearing
3
Q
acro
A
extremity, end
4
Q
aden/o
A
gland
5
Q
adip/o
A
fat
6
Q
adren/o
A
adrenal gland, epinephrine
7
Q
adrenal/o
A
adrenal gland
8
Q
adrenocortic/o
A
adrenal cortex
9
Q
aer/o
A
air, gas
10
Q
alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o
A
pain
11
Q
amino
A
amnion
12
Q
amyl/o
A
starch
13
Q
andr/o
A
male
14
Q
angi/o
A
vessel
15
Q
an/o
A
anus
16
Q
aort/o
A
aorta
17
Q
arter/o, arteri/o
A
artery
18
Q
arteriol/o
A
arteriole
19
Q
arthr/o
A
joint
20
Q
atel/o
A
incomplete, imperfect
21
Q
atlant/o
A
atlas
22
Q
atri/o
A
atrium
23
Q
audi/o
A
hearing
24
Q
azot/o
A
nitrogenous compounds
25
bacill/i, bacill/o
bacillus
26
bacteri/o
bacterium
27
balan/o
glans penis
28
bar/o
pressure
29
bili
bile
30
bio
life
31
blast/o
immature cell, productive cell, embryonic cell
32
blephar/o
eyelid
33
brachi/o
arm
34
bronch/i, bronch/o
bronchus
35
bronchiol
bronchiole
36
bucc/o
cheek
37
burs/o
bursa
38
calc/i
calcium
39
cali/o, calic/o
calyx
40
carcin/o
cancer, carcinoma
41
cec/o
cecum
42
cardi/o
heart
43
celi/o
abdomen
44
centesis
puncture, tap
45
cephal/o
head
46
cerebell/o
cerebellum
47
cerebr/o
cerebrum
48
cervic/o
neck, cervix
49
cheil/o
lip
50
chem/o
chemical
51
chir/o
hand
52
cholangi/o
bile duct
53
chol/e, chol/o
bile, gall
54
cholecyst/o
gallbladder
55
choledoch/o
common bile duct
56
chondr/o
cartilage
57
chori/o, choriod/o
choroid
58
chrom/o, chromat/o
color, stain
59
clasis
breaking
60
chron/o
time
61
clitro/o, clitorid/o
clitoris
62
coccy, coccyg/o
coccyx
63
cochle/o
cochlea (of the inner ear)
64
col/o, colon/o
colon
65
colp/o
vagina
66
copro
feces
67
cor/o, cor/e
pupil
68
corne/o
cornea
69
cortic/o
outer portion, cerebral cortex
70
cost/o
rib
71
crani/o
skull, cranium
72
cry/o
cold
73
crypt/o
hidden
74
cus
sound, hearing
75
cycl/o
ciliary body or muscle of the eye
76
cyst/o
filled sac or pouch, cyst, bladder, urinary bladder
77
cyt/o
cell
78
dacry/o
tear, lacrimal apparatus
79
dacryocyst/o
lacrimal sac
80
dactyl/o
finger,toe
81
dent/o, dent/i
tooth, teeth
82
derm/o, dermat/o
skin
83
dilation, dilitation
expansion, widening
84
duoden/o
duodenum
85
dynam/o
force, energy
86
-ectasia, -ectasis
dilation, dilatation, distension
87
edema
accumulation of fluid, swelling
88
electr/o
electricity
89
embry/o
embryo
90
emesis
vomiting
91
encephal/o
brain
92
endocrin/o
endocrine
93
enter/o
intestine
94
epididym/o
epididymis
95
erg/o
work
96
episi/o
vulva
97
erythr/o
red, red blood cell
98
erythrocyt/o
red blood cell
99
esophag/o
esophagus
100
fasci/o
fascia
101
fer
carry
102
ferr/i, ferr/o
iron
103
fet/o
fetus
104
fibr/o
fiber
105
galact/o
milk
106
gastr/o
stomach
107
gangli/o, ganglion/o
ganglion
108
gen
origin, formation
109
ger/e, ger/o
old age
110
gingiv/o
gum, gingiva
111
gli/o
neuroglia
112
glomerul/o
glomerulus
113
gloss/o
tongue
114
gluc/o
glucose
115
glyc/o
sugar, glucose
116
gnath/o
jaw
117
goni/o
angle
118
gravida
pregnant woman
119
gyn/o, gynec/o
woman
120
hem/o, hemat/o
blood
121
hepat/o
liver
122
hidr/o
sweat, perspiration
123
hydr/o
water, fluid
124
hist/o, histi/o
tissue
125
hypn/o
sleep
126
hypophysi/o
pituitary, hypophysis
127
hyster/o
uterus
128
iatr/o
physician
129
ile/o
ileum
130
ili/o
ilium
131
immun/o
immunity, immune system
132
in/o
fiber, muscle fiber
133
insul/o
pancreatic islets
134
ir, irit/o, irid/o
iris
135
jejun/o
jejunum
136
kali
potassium
137
kary/o
nucleus
138
kerat/o
cornea, keratin, horny layer of skin
139
kin/o, kine, kinesi/o, kinet/o
movement
140
labi/o
lip
141
labyrinth/o
labyrinth (inner ear)
142
lacrim/o
tear, lacrimal apparatus
143
lact/o
milk
144
lapar/o
abdominal wall
145
laryng/o
larynx
146
lent/i
lens
147
leuk/o
white, colorless, white blood cell
148
lingu/o
tongue
149
leukocyt/o
white blood cell
150
lip/o
fat, lipid
151
listhesis
slipping
152
lith
stone, calculus
153
lumb/o
lumbar region, lower back
154
lymphaden/o
lymph node
155
lymphangi/o
lymphatic vessel
156
lymph/o
lymph, lymphatic system, lymphocyte
157
lymph/o, lymphocyt/o
lymphocyte
158
lysis
separation; destruction; loosening, dissolving
159
malacia
softening
160
mamm/o
breast, mammary glands
161
mania
excited state, obsession
162
mast/o
breast, mammary gland
163
medull/o
inner part, medulla oblongata, spinal cord
164
melan/o
black, dark, melanin
165
mening/o, meninge/o
meninges
166
men/o, mens
month, menstruation
167
metr/o
measure
168
metr/o, metr/i
uterus
169
morph/o
form, structure , shape
170
muc/o
mucus, mucous membrane
171
muscul/o
muscle
172
myc/o
mold, fungus
173
myel/o
spinal cord, bone marrow
174
my/o
muscle
175
myring/o
tympanic membrane
176
myx/o
mucus
177
narc/o
stupor, unconsciousness
178
nat/i
birth
179
nas/o
nose
180
natri
sodium
181
necrosis
death of tissue
182
nephr/o
kidney
183
neur/o, neur/i
nerve, nervous system
184
noct/i
night
185
nucle/o
nucleus
186
nyct/o
night, darkness
187
ocul/o
eye
188
odont/o
tooth, teeth
189
onc/o
tumor
190
onych/o
nail
191
oo
ovum
192
oophor/o
ovary
193
ophthalm/o
eye
194
opt/o
eye,vision
195
orchi/o, orchid/o
testis
196
or/o
mouth
197
osche/o
scrotum
198
osm/o
smell
199
oste/o
bone
200
ot/o
ear
201
ovari/o
ovary
202
ov/o, ovul/o, o/o
egg, ovum
203
ox/y
oxygen, sharp, acute
204
palat/o
palate
205
pancreat/o
pancreas
206
palpebr/o
eyelid
207
papill/o
nipple-like
208
para
woman who has given birth
209
parathyr/o, parathyroid/o
parathyroid
210
paresis
partial paralysis, weakness
211
path/o
disease, any disease of
212
ped/o
child, foot
213
pelvi/o
pelvis
214
perin/o
perineum
215
periton, peritone/o
peritoneum
216
phac/o, phak/o
lens
217
phag/o
eat, ingest
218
pharm, pharmac/o
drug, medicine
219
pharyng/o
pharynx
220
phil
attracting, absorbing
221
phleb/o
vein
222
phobia
fear
223
phon/o
sound, voice
224
phot/o
light
225
phren/o
diaphragm
226
phrenic/o
phrenic nerve
227
phyt/o
plant
228
plas
formation, molding, development
229
pituitar/i
pituitary, hypophysis
230
pleur/o
pleura
231
pneum/o, pneumon/o
air, gas; also respiration, lung
232
pneumon/o
lung
233
pod/o
foot
234
proct/o
rectum
235
prostat/o
prostate
236
prote/o
protein
237
ptosis
dropping, prolapse, downward displacement
238
ptysis
spitting
239
psych/o
mind
240
puer
child
241
pupill/o
pupil
242
pyel/o
renal pelvis
243
pylor/o
pylorus
244
pulm/o, pulmon/o
lung
245
py/o
pus
246
pyr/o, pyret/o
fever, fire
247
rachi/o
spine
248
radicul/o
root of nerve root
249
radi/o
radiation, x-rays
250
rect/o
rectum
251
ren/o
kidney
252
reticul/o
network
253
retin/o
retina
254
rhabd/o
rod, muscle cell
255
rhin/o
nose
256
sacchar/o
sugar
257
sacr/o
sacrum
258
salping/o
tube, uterine tube, auditory (eustachian) tube
259
scler/o
hard; sclera of the eye
260
sclerosis
hardening
261
seb/o
sebum, sebaceous gland
262
semin
semen
263
schisis
fissure
264
sept/o
septum, partition, dividing wall
265
sial/o
saliva, salivary gland, salivary duct
266
sigmoid/o
sigmoid colon
267
skelet/o
skeleton
268
somat/o
body
269
somn/i, somn/i
sleep
270
son/o
sound, ultrasound
271
sider/o
iron
272
spasm
sudden, involuntary muscle contraction
273
sperm/i
semen, spermatozoa
274
spermat/o
semen, spermatozoa
275
sphygm/o
pulse
276
spir/o
breathing
277
spondyl/o
vertebra
278
staped/o, stapedi/o
stapes
279
stasis
suppression, stoppage
280
steat/o
fatty
281
stenosis
narrowing, constriction
282
steth/o
chest
283
splen/o
spleen
284
sthen/o
strength
285
stoma, stomat/o
mouth
286
tax/o
order, arrangement
287
ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o
tendon
288
terat/o
malformed fetus
289
test/o
testis, testicle
290
therm/o
heat, temperature
291
thorac/o
chest, thorax
292
thromb/o
blood clot
293
synov/i
synovial joint, synovial membrane
294
thym/o
thymus gland
295
toc/o
labor
296
tonsil/o
tonsils
297
tox/o, toxic/o
poison, toxin
298
trich/o
hair
299
thalam/o
thalamus
300
trop/o
turning
301
trop
act(ing) on affect(ing)
302
troph/o
feeding, growth, nourishment
303
tympan/o
tympanic cavity (middle ear), tympanic membrane
304
thrombocyt/o
platelet, thrombocyte
305
ureter/o
ureter
306
uve/o
uvea (of the eye)
307
thyr/o, thyroid/o
thyroid
308
uvul/o
uvula
309
vagin/o
sheath, vagina
310
ton/o
tone
311
varic/o
twisted and swollen vein, varix
312
vascul/o
vessel
313
vas/o
vessel, duct; vas deferens
314
trache/o
trachea
315
ven/o, ven/i
vein
316
ventricul/o
ventricle, cavity
317
vertebr/o
vertebra, spinal column
318
vesicul/o
seminal vesicle
319
vestibul/o
vestibule, vestibular apparatus (of ear)
320
xen/o
foreign, strange
321
vulv/o
vulva
322
vir/o
virus
323
vesic/o
urinary bladder
324
valv/o, valvul/o
valve
325
uter/o
uterus
326
urin/o
urine
327
ur/o
urine, urinary tract
328
urethr/o
urethra
