APP Liu GI Infections

Question 1

What percent of Traveler’s diarrhea do intestinal viruses account for?

Answer 1

0-15% (most are bacterial)

Question 2

What are top causes of bacteria Traveler’s diarrhea?

Answer 2

E. coli
Camplyobacter jejuni
Shigella
Salmonella

Question 3

Most common protozoa that causes Traveler’s diarrhea:

Answer 3

Giardia lamblia

Question 4

Most likely time of onset for Traveler’s diarrhea by Entamoeba histolytica?

Answer 4

7-10 days

Question 5

How to tell if its osmotic diarrhea or secretory diarrhea?

Answer 5

Osmotic diarrhea has a high osmotic gap

Secretory low osmotic gap

Question 6

How to determine osmotic gap?

Answer 6

290- 2(K+ + Na+) compared to the blood plasma osmolarity

Question 7

What E. coli strain causes secretory diarrhea?

Answer 7

ETEC

Question 8

What E. coli strain causes kidney failure?

Answer 8

EHEC

Question 9

What is gram negative spirilla?

Answer 9

Campylobacter

Question 10

What do cytotoxins cause?

Answer 10

Inflammatory diarrhea

Question 11

What do non-bacteria cause?

Answer 11

Osmotic diarrhea

Question 12

What do enterotoxins cause?

Answer 12

Secretory diarrhea

Question 13

What occurs in carbohydrate malabsorption?

Answer 13

Bacteria break it down into organic acids causing osmotic diarrhea

Question 14

Why are diverticulum (dead end pouches) prone to infection?

Answer 14

Decreased peristalsis

Question 15

Symptom difference in food poisoning and food associated illness?

Answer 15

Poisoning: vomiting
Associated: diarrhea

Question 16

What worm can be found in sputum when coughing?

Answer 16

Ascaris

Strongyloides

Question 17

What worm can cause anemia and is in clay?

Answer 17

Necator americanus (hookworm)

Question 18

What parasite can cause hepatic cysts?

Answer 18

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 19

Low risk countries:

Answer 19

U.S.
Canada
Australia
New Zealand
Japan
Northern/Western Europe

Question 20

Intermediate risk countries:

Answer 20

Eastern Europe
South Africa
Caribbean Islands

Question 21

High risk countries:

Answer 21

Asia
Middle East
Africa
Mexico
Central/South America

Question 22

What population must avoid use of BBS?

Answer 22

Aspirin allergy
Renal insufficiency 
Gout
Anticoagulants
Probencid
Methotrexate