APP 1

Question 1

List 6 Characteristics of Living Things

Answer 1

Metabolism
Responsiveness
Movement
Growth
Differentiation
Reproduction

Question 2

List the 7 Levels of Organisation of the body

Answer 2

Atomic
Molecular
Cellular
Tissue
Organ 
System 
Organismal

Question 3

Everything that happens in the body happens due to 2 things, what are they?

Answer 3

Shape and Charge

Question 4

Which 2 things are responsible for the movement of atoms and molecules?

Answer 4

Bonding
- Ionic
and
- Covalent

Question 5

About 90% of you is made up of just 3 types of atoms - what are they?

Answer 5

Oxygen
Hydrogen
Carbon

Question 6

Protons have a positive charge, electrons have an equal negotiable charge, and neutrons have no charge but the same mass as protons - are ALL parts of this statement true?

Answer 6

Yes

Question 7

Starting with Helium, how would you make up all the other atoms?

Answer 7

By adding Proton, Neutrons and Electrons

Question 8

What is the most important law of the Universe?

Answer 8

All atoms want a full outer orbit and will do what they can to get it.

Question 9

What is an ion?

Answer 9

A positive or negative charge of an atom.

‘Atom that had gained a charge’

Question 10

What kind of covalent Bond is it when one pair of electrons is shared?

Answer 10

Single Covalent Bond

Question 11

What actually are the bonds that hold the atoms together?

Answer 11

Energy

Question 12

What is a polar molecule?

Answer 12

A molecule with a positive charge at one end and a negative charge at the other.

Question 13

Why is the chemistry of carbon called organic energy?

Answer 13

Most living things are based on the carbon atom.

Question 14

Why is the chemistry of living things based on Carbon?

Answer 14

It’s forms bonds that are easy to make and break.

It can make 4 Covalent bonds and more importantly bond with itself.

Question 15

Would massive molecules exist in nature if there were no living things to assemble them?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

How are the massive molecules of living things assembled?

Answer 16

By Enzymes assembling Amino Acid on Ribosomes in the cell according to instructions from the DNA

Question 17

Where are the ‘instructions’ as to which molecule to assemble held?

Answer 17

In the DNA

Question 18

Why are carbohydrate molecules so useful as a source of energy?

Answer 18

It’s bonds are easy to break, readily available and contain a lot of energy.

Question 19

What is the main sugar used by animals?

Answer 19

Glucose

Question 20

Most lipids are hydrophobic - what does this mean?

Answer 20

They don’t like water.

Question 21

What is the opposite of hydrophobic?

Answer 21

Hydrophilic

Question 22

Write 4 words that summarise why lipids are useful to cells.

Answer 22

Possible answers -

Lubrication
Transport
Energy
Heat
Protective Barrier
Shock Absorbers 
Storage

Question 23

Which 4 vitamins are lipids?

Answer 23

A, K, D, E

Question 24

What are the ‘raw materials’ proteins are made from?

Answer 24

Amino Acids

Question 25

How many different amino acids are there in the body?

Answer 25

20

Question 26

What is a polypeptide?

Answer 26

3 or more amino acids joined together.

Question 27

What is (probably!) the most important job that proteins do?

Answer 27

Make chemical reactions happen.

Question 28

What is it about proteins that allows them to act as enzymes?

Answer 28

Shape and Charge

Question 29

What is the term used for maintaining the body conditions relatively constant?

Answer 29

Homeostasis.

Question 30

What are the 2 main nucleus acids, and where are they mostly found in the cell?

Answer 30

DNA, RNA in the Nucleus