Aphasia Spoken Expression Presentation Flashcards
Anomia
Word finding difficulties is the most common feature of aphasia.
Behaviours that indicate Anomia
Circumlocution Conduit d'approche Delays Empty Words Semantic Paraphasias Phonological Paraphasias Mixed Paraphasias False Starts Time Fillers Repetitions/Perseverations Reformulations Neologisms Comments
Phoneme errors
Small errors that change the nature of words, including substitutions, additions and deletions.
Phonetic feature movement errors
Just one change, e.g. voicing.
Semantic errors
Categorical/Associative - mixing up pronouns, family names, yes/no and antonyms that are closely related.
Phonological errors
Errors that involve words with similar phonological structure, for example ‘caveman’ and ‘caravan’.
Semantic and Phonological errors
Involves a phonological and semantic element - ‘penguin’ - ‘pelican’.
Blends
Word and phoneme level error, two words are merged - ‘crutical’ - crucial and critical.
Word movement errors
whole words swapping places
Unrelated double errors
Unicorn - house = unicorn - horse - house
Decomposition errors on compounds
football - handnet
In observation, what are we looking out for?
Semantic errors Phonemic errors Frequency effects Word-length errors Client response behaviour - delays, failures, attempts to self-correct. Effect of cueing - types.
Problems at the semantic system
Delays and failures in word retrieval
Semantic errors
Imageability effects - abstract low imageable words not accessesed as easily as concrete high imagable words..
Can be miscued - category effect.
Problems at the Phonological Output Lexicon
Anomia
Delays and failures in word retrieval
Frequency effects - high frequency =high level of activation - easier to access.
Circumlocution
Semantic and phonological errors and retrieval of word fragments
Tip of the tongue.
Indicators of damage to phonological assembly
All spoken output affected
Target usually obvious
Make recursive revisions - conduit d’approche
Phonological errors
Word length effect - longer words more difficult
Repetition of NWs is worse than RWs as there is no lexical info to help in PA.
