Aphasia - Dyslexia Presentation

Question 1

Types of Dyslexia

Answer 1

Peripheral - when earlier stages of reading (VOA) are affected: Neglect, Attentional, Visual, Pure.
Central - affected deeper processes: Grapheme-phoneme conversion, semantic system/access to. Also be aphasic. Includes; surface, deep and phonological.

Question 2

Neglect Dyslexia

Answer 2

Problems at level of VOA.
Spatially determined visual errors. 
Neglect can be left or right sided. 
Errors may be deletion or infills. 
E.g. football - ball, geography - autobiography.

Question 3

Attentional Dyslexia

Answer 3

Disruption of the perceptual grouping of letters.
Impaired ability to select the letters which comprise a word.
Intrusion errors , migrations of letter, from one word to another.
E.g. river bank - river rank.

Question 4

Visual Dyslexia

Answer 4

Misidentifies visually similar words, e.g. butter- better.
Problems either at VOA or internal problems with OIL.
Difficulty recognising the visual form of the word due to poor letter encoding leading to deletions/substitutions and lexicality effect, e.g. single -signal.

Question 5

Pure Alexia - Letter-by-letter reading

Answer 5

Impaired VOA
Letters can’t be identified in parallel or at the same time.
May manifest as slow reading or letters may be named before get the word retrieval.
Length effect
About 50% also have surface dyslexia.

Question 6

Surface Dyslexia

Answer 6

Impaired access to semantics and over-reliance on grapheme to phoneme conversion.
Regular words better than irregular - spelling doesn’t follow pronounication.
Non-word reading OK.
Tendency to read phonetically.
Homophones may be correctly read but interpreted incorrectly. e.g. billed - to build.

Question 7

Deep dyslexia

Answer 7

Semantic errors when reading aloud.
Close- shut.
,Morphological/Derivational errors - baked - baking
Unable to read non-words
Visual errors - idiot - idol
Imageability
Content words better than function words
Combination of errors - sympathy - orchestra

Question 8

Phonological Dyslexia

Answer 8

Impaired grapheme-phoneme conversion
Difficulties with non-words or new unfamiliar words
Reading for known words remains OK
. Least Impact