AP.Gov.Ch.8.Juan.Jaimes

Question 1

Federal Bureaucracy

Answer 1

The thousands of federal government agencies and institutions that implement and administer federal laws and programs.

Question 2

Max Weber

Answer 2

German sociologist active in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries who articulated the hierarchical structure and near-mechanical functioning of bureaucracies in complex societies.

Question 3

Spoils system

Answer 3

The firing of public-office holders of a defeated political party to replace them with loyalists of the newly elected party.

Question 4

Patronage

Answer 4

Jobs, grants, or other special favors that are given as rewards to friends and political allies for their support.

Question 5

Merit system

Answer 5

A system of employment based on qualifications, test scores, and ability, rather than party loyalty.

Question 6

Pendleton Act

Answer 6

Reform measure that established the principle of federal employment on the basis of open, competitive exams and created the Civil Service Commission.

Question 7

Civil Service System

Answer 7

The merit system by which many federal bureaucrats are selected.

Question 8

Sixteenth Amendment

Answer 8

Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that authorized congress to enact a national income tax.

Question 9

World War I

Answer 9

A global military conflict that took place from 1914-1918 across Europe and its overseas territories. The United States military intervene from 1917-1918.

Question 10

Great Depression

Answer 10

A severe global economic downturn marked by mass unemployment and poverty that began in the US in 1929 and persisted to some degree until the end of the 1930s.

Question 11

World War II

Answer 11

A global military conflict that took place from 1939-1945 in Europe, Africa, Asia and the Pacific region. The united states was formally involved in the war from 1941-1945.

Question 12

G.I. (Government Issue) Bill

Answer 12

Federal legislation enacted in 1944 that provided college loans for returning veterans and reduced mortgages rates to enable them to buy homes.

Question 13

Great society

Answer 13

Reform program begun in 1964 by President Lyndon B Johnson that was broad attempt to combat poverty and discrimination through urban renewal, education reform, and employment reform.

Question 14

Department of Homeland Security

Answer 14

Cabinet department created after September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks to coordinate domestic security efforts.

Question 15

Cabinet Departments

Answer 15

Major administrative units with responsibility for a broad are of government operations. Departmental status usually indicates a permanent national interest in a particular governmental function, such as a defense, commerce, or agriculture.

Question 16

Independent executive agencies

Answer 16

Governmental units that closely resemble a Cabinet department but have narrower areas of responsibility and perform services rather than regulatory functions.

Question 17

Independent regulatory commission

Answer 17

An entity created by Congress outside a major executive department that regulates a specified interest or economic activity.

Question 18

Government cooperation

Answer 18

Businessmen established by Congress to perform functions that private businesses could provide, such as the U.S. Portal Service and Amtrak. Often established when the financial incentives for private industry to provide services that are minimal.

Question 19

Hatch act

Answer 19

The 1939 act to prohibit civil servants from taking activist roles in partisan campaigns. This act prohibited federal employees from making political contributions.

Question 20

Administrative discretion

Answer 20

The ability of bureaucrats to make choices concerning the best way to implement congregational or executive intentions.

Question 21

Rule making

Answer 21

A quasi-legislation process resulting in regulations that have the characteristics of a legislation to act.

Question 22

Regulations

Answer 22

Rules governing the operations of all government programs that have the force of law.

Question 23

Federal Registration

Answer 23

The official journal of the U.S government, including all federal rules and public notices so that citizens and organizations can follow proposed changes.

Question 24

Administrative adjudication

Answer 24

A quasi-judicial process in which the bureaucracy agency settles dispute between two parties similar to the way courts resolve disputes.

Question 25

Implementation

Answer 25

The process by which a law or policy is put into operation

Question 26

Iron triangles

Answer 26

The relatively ironclad relationships and patters of interaction that occur among agencies.

Question 27

Issue networks

Answer 27

The loose and informal relationships that exists among a large number of actors who work in broad policy areas,

Question 28

Inter-agency Councils

Answer 28

Working groups created facilitate coordination of policy making and implementation across a host of governmental agencies.

Question 29

Policy coordinating committees

Answer 29

Committees created at the sub-cabinet level to facilitate interactions between agencies and departments to handle complex policy programs.