APGOVCh2.Jamian.Kortekaas

Question 1

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 1

Author of the Federalists Papers, nationalist, and first treasury of the United States who championed the creation of a national bank, the US debt, and a strong national government.

Question 2

Anti-Federalists

Answer 2

A band of politicians that envisioned a US government that put an emphasis on state governments and opposed a strong national government. Their efforts against Federalists led to the creation of the Bill of Rights.

Question 3

Article I

Answer 3

Article I of the US Constitution established the Legislative Branch. The Legislative Branch is compromised of both the House of Representatives and the US Senate.

Question 4

Article II

Answer 4

Article II of the US Constitution established the Executive Branch. The Executive Branch is comprised of both the Vice-President and the President and carries out duties related to the agenda of the US government.

Question 5

Article III

Answer 5

Article III of the US Constitution established the Judicial Branch. The Judicial Branch is comprised of the Supreme Court who carries out duties related to interpreting the law.

Question 6

Article IV

Answer 6

Full Faith and Credit Clause; Article IV displays the relationship between state governments and their federal government.

Question 7

Article V

Answer 7

Article V of the US Constitution establishes the rules of ratifying an amendment; Two-thirds of the House must vote to propose the amendment.

Question 8

Article VI

Answer 8

SUPREMACY clause; The US Constitution and any US treaties shall be deemed the Supreme law of the land and cannot be obstructed.

Question 9

Articles of Confederation

Answer 9

The first attempt of a government among the colonies; emphasizing the importance and protection of state governments from the federal government.

Question 10

Benjamin Franklin

Answer 10

Benjamin Franklin is an author, publisher, inventor, and one of the Founding Fathers who drafted the Declaration of Independence and was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention.

Question 11

Bill of Rights

Answer 11

The first 10 amendments as part of the US Constitution that guaranteed its citizens unalienable rights.. Allowed the rest of the thirteen colonies to ratify the Constitution (majority Southern states).

Question 12

Checks and Balances

Answer 12

Charles Montesquieu created the idea of a separation of powers and the checks and balances system. Each separate power has the ability to check the other power to ensure the US government is balanced.

Question 13

Common Sense

Answer 13

Pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that proposed the independence of the colonies from the powers of Great Britain.

Question 14

Constitution

Answer 14

The US Constitution establishes the structure and function of the US government as well as its relation to the state governments. Bill of Rights related to the US Constitution.

Question 15

Constitutional Convention

Answer 15

A convention comprised of delegates from the thirteen colonies with the goal of establishing a working US Government.

Question 16

Crispus Attucks

Answer 16

Crispus Attucks is of Native American and African American descent and is widely known as the first person killed in the Boston Massacre, the first known conflict of the American Revolution.

Question 17

Critical Period

Answer 17

The critical period is the time period after the American Revolution where the US tried to find a balance between state governments and one strong national government.

Question 18

Declaration of Independence

Answer 18

The Declaration of Independence is a document signed by thirty-nine delegates as part of the Second Continental Congress that stressed the American colonists’ motives towards dissolving their relationship from Great Britain.

Question 19

Electoral College

Answer 19

A body of electors constituted by the US Congress whose sole purpose it is to elect the President and Vice President of the United States of America every four years.

Question 20

Enumerated Powers

Answer 20

As part of Section 8, Article I, enumerated powers specifies the powers of which the Legislative Branch is granted.

Question 21

Federalism

Answer 21

Federalism is the relationship between state governments and the federal government, mixed into one singular system.

Question 22

Federalists

Answer 22

A Federalist is one who advocates the role of a strong central government.

Question 23

The Federalist Papers

Answer 23

Written under the pseudonym, “Publius,” or Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, The Federalists Papers supported the dominant role of a national government that governs the states of America.

Question 24

First Continental Congress

Answer 24

Twelve delegates from the thirteen colonies met to establish a new response to Great Britain’s enactment of the Intolerable Acts.

Question 25

French and Indian War

Answer 25

Seven Years War; The French and Indian War was the first conflict in North America over territorial disputes between Great Britain and New France. The British won the war, but at a cost to the colonists who paid for the damages caused.

Question 26

Full Faith and Credit Clause

Answer 26

As part of Article IV, this clause addresses the need for state governments to respect each other’s laws and needs.

Question 27

George Washington

Answer 27

Prior to the United States, George Washington commanded the Continental Army during the American Revolution and became one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He is also widely known as the first President of the United States of America.

Question 28

Great Compromise

Answer 28

The Great Comprise combined the ideals of both the New Jersey Plan (greater state government role) and the Virginia Plan (stronger central government). This combination created the representation of the legislative branch in the US Government.

Question 29

Implied Powers

Answer 29

The Necessary and Proper Clause; Grants the legislative branch powers not explicitly stated in the US Constitution.

Question 30

Inherent Powers

Answer 30

Although not specifically stated in the US Constitution, Congress and the President are given inherent powers such as controlling the country’s borders or defend the government from revolutions.

Question 31

James Madison

Answer 31

James Madison is widely regarded as the fourth President of the United States as well as the “Father of the US Constitution.” He also played a role in writing The Federalist Papers.

Question 32

John Jay

Answer 32

John Jay has played a role in writing The Federalist Papers, Founding the United States, and also singed the Treaty of Paris in 1783. He is widely regarded as the first Chief Justice of the United States.

Question 33

Lexington and Concord

Answer 33

Fought in Massachusetts Bay, Lexington and Concord is the first military conflict in the American Revolutionary War in 1775.

Question 34

Mercantilism

Answer 34

“Commercialism;” Mercantilism is a system in which a country tries to gain wealth from other countries by exporting more than it imports.

Question 35

Montesquieu

Answer 35

Charles Montesquieu is widely considered as one of the first people to propose the idea of separation of powers in government as well as the idea of a checks and balance system.

Question 36

Necessary and Proper Clause

Answer 36

A clause in Article I, Section 8 of the US Constitution that enables the legislative branch to make laws in order to ensure the flow of government.

Question 37

New Jersey Plan

Answer 37

In response to the Virginia Plan, the New Jersey Plan was created in purpose to establish a legislative body that granted a vote per state.

Question 38

New World

Answer 38

The New World is the name given to the newly discovered continents on the Western Hemisphere.

Question 39

Political Culture

Answer 39

The political culture of the United States contains a number of core ideals and values shared by the majority of American citizens.

Question 40

Samuel Adams

Answer 40

Samuel Adams played a vital role in orchestrating the Boston Tea Party and is one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America.

Question 41

Second Continental Congress

Answer 41

A convention between the thirteen colonies that succeeded the First Continental Congress. Its sole purpose was to decide what to do with the imminent threat of the British Army. The Convention decided to create the Continental Army in response to the hostility.

Question 42

Separation of Powers

Answer 42

The idea of separating the government into three main branches to perform the functions of a stable government while minimizing the threat of tyranny.

Question 43

Shay’s Rebellion

Answer 43

American Revolutionary War Veteran Daniel Shay led a rebellion of four thousand rebels against the government for its perception of economic and civil rights injustices. This rebellion was unsuccessful and exposed the issues surrounding the Articles of Confederation.

Question 44

Social Contract Theory

Answer 44

The view that a persons’ obligation is dependent on a contract to form a moral society.

Question 45

Sons and Daughters of Liberty

Answer 45

A political band of revolutionaries whose sole purpose was to confront and deter the hostilities coming from Great Britain–Daughters of Liberty orchestrated the Boston Tea Party.

Question 46

Stamp Act Congress

Answer 46

The Stamp Act of Congress was the first gathering of delegates from the thirteen colonies sent to devise a response to the Stamp Act issued by the King of Great Britain. As a result of the convention, the delegates composed the “Declaration of the Rights and Grievances of the Colonists.”

Question 47

Supremacy Clause

Answer 47

As part of Article VI of the US Constitution, the Supremacy clause deemed the US Constitution and all treaties created as the “supreme law of the land.”

Question 48

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 48

Thomas Jefferson is considered one of the most influential authors of the Declaration of Independence who later served as the third President of the United States from 1801 to 1809.

Question 49

Thomas Paine

Answer 49

Author of the pamphlet, Common Sense, Thomas Paine stressed the need for the colonists to dissolve its political bands with Great Britain and establish its own government.

Question 50

Three-Fifths Compromise

Answer 50

The Constitutional Convention of 1787 established the three-fifths compromise which recognized slaves as three-fifths of a representative for the legislative branch.

Question 51

Virginia Plan

Answer 51

A proposal drafted by James Madison that stressed the need for a bicameral (two-body) legislative branch; Proposed the representation of states would be based on a state’s population.