APGOVCh.2.Arkane.Riahi

Question 1

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 1

1789-1795 was a founding father of the united states of America one of the most influential interpreters and promoters of the constitution the founder of the nation financial system, and 1st American of the political party. establish the national bank.

Question 2

Anti-Federalists

Answer 2

An individual who opposed the ratification of the new Constitution in 1787. The Anti-Federalists were opposed to a strong central government.

Question 3

Article I

Answer 3

Legislative Branch - Organizations, powers, and restraints

Question 4

Article II

Answer 4

Executive Branch - Powers, duties, restraints, and election of the President

Question 5

Article III

Answer 5

Judicial Branch - Powers, restraints, and the definition of Treason

Question 6

Article IV

Answer 6

Relation of the states to each other and to the federal government, guarantees to the states, and government of the territories

Question 7

Article V

Answer 7

Method of Amending the Constitution. Guarantee of equal representation of the states in the U.S. Senate

Question 8

Article VI

Answer 8

Provision for national debts. Supremacy of the United States Constitution, federal laws and treaties. Pledge of national and state officials to uphold the constitution. No religious test required as qualification for public office

Question 9

Articles of Confederation

Answer 9

the government charter of the states from 1776 until the Constitution of 1787

Question 10

Benjamin Franklin

Answer 10

Played a major role in the American Revolution and negotiated French support for the colonists
Sig: Signed the Treaty of Paris and helped draft the constitution

Question 11

Bill of Rights

Answer 11

The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution

Question 12

Checks and Balances

Answer 12

The power of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government to block some acts by the other two branches

Question 13

Common Sense

Answer 13

Written by Thomas Paine. Argument for an independent United States.

Question 14

Constitution

Answer 14

A nation’s basic law that divides governmental power and lists certain guarantees to citizens.

Question 15

Constitutional Convention

Answer 15

A meeting of delegates in Philadelphia in 1787 charged with drawing up amendments to the Articles of Confederation

Question 16

Crispus Attucks

Answer 16

Crispus Attucks was an African-American man killed during the Boston Massacre and thus believed to be the first casualty of the American Revolution

Question 17

Critical Period

Answer 17

a period during someone’s development in which a particular skill or characteristic is believed to be most readily acquired.

Question 18

Declaration of Independence

Answer 18

a document written in 1776 declaring the colonists’ intention to throw off British rule

Question 19

Electoral College

Answer 19

The electoral system used in electing the president and vice president, in which voters vote for electors pledged to cast their ballots for a particular party’s candidates

Question 20

Enumerated Powers

Answer 20

Seventeen specific powers granted by congress Article 1 Section 8, of the constitution

Question 21

Federalism

Answer 21

A constitutional principle reserving separate powers to the national and state levels of government

Question 22

Federalists

Answer 22

Supports of a stronger central government who advocated ratification of the Constitution and then founded a political party

Question 23

The Federalist Papers

Answer 23

Series of 5 political essays from Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay in support of the U.S. Constitution

Question 24

First Continental Congress

Answer 24

Meeting held in Philadelphia from September 5th to October 26, 1774 with 56 delegates to resolve Coercive Act

Question 25

French and Indian War

Answer 25

Was a war fought by French and English on American soil over control of the Ohio River Valley– English defeated French in 1763. Began to gradually change attitudes of the colonists toward England for the worse because Brits wouldn’t let colonist move west in order no too spend more money for defense.

Question 26

Full Faith and Credit Clause

Answer 26

Constitution’s requirement that each state accept the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state

Question 27

George Washington

Answer 27

George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799) commanded the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783). After serving as President of the United States (1789 to 1797), he briefly was in charge of a new army in 1798. … He played the leading military role in the American Revolution.

Question 28

Great Comprmise

Answer 28

proposal presented by Connecticut delegates at the 1787 Constitutional Convention to compromise between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan. The Great Compromise suggested that a bicameral Congress be established, with representation in one house being determined by state population, and the other having equal representation from each state.

Question 29

Implied Powers

Answer 29

Powers derived from Enumerated powers. Not necessarily stated in the Constitution

Question 30

Inherent Powers

Answer 30

The powers of the national government in the field of affairs that the Supreme Court has declared do not depend on constitutional grants but rather grow out of the very existence of the national government.

Question 31

James Madison

Answer 31

A principal architect of the Constitution who felt that a government powerful enough to encourage virtue in its citizens was too powerful

Question 32

John Jay

Answer 32

United States diplomat and jurist who negotiated peace treaties with Britain and served as the first chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1745-1829)

Question 33

Lexington and Concord

Answer 33

the first battle of the American Revolution (April 19, 1775), first “battles”; meant to get supplies from militia, but shots exchanged between minutemen and the British as the British continued to concord; Americans ambushed British, killing 300

Question 34

Mercantilism

Answer 34

an economic system (Europe in 18th C) to increase a nation’s wealth by government regulation of all of the nation’s commercial interests

Question 35

Montesquieu

Answer 35

Separation of powers, Spirit of the Laws

Question 36

Necessary and Proper Clause

Answer 36

Often called the “elastic clause,” the necessary and proper clause simply states that Congress has the power, “To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States

Question 37

New Jersey Plan

Answer 37

A constitutional proposal that would have given each state one vote in a new congress

Question 38

New World

Answer 38

The New World is a name used for the Western Hemisphere. It specifically refers to the Americas. … The Americas were also referred to as the “fourth part of the world”. The continent (North and South America) was named America after Amerigo Vespucci.

Question 39

Political Culture

Answer 39

Political culture – The widely shared beliefs, values, and norms about how citizens relate to governments and to one another. Social capital – Democratic and civic habits of discussion, compromise, and respect for differences, which grow out of participation in voluntary organizations.

Question 40

Samuel Adams

Answer 40

A strong opponent of British taxation, Adams helped formulate resistance to the Stamp Act and played a vital role in organizing the Boston Tea Party. He was a second cousin of U.S. President John Adams, with whom he urged a final break from Great Britain, and a signee of the U.S. Declaration of Independence.

Question 41

Second Continental Congress

Answer 41

meeting that convened Philadelphia on May 10, 1775, at which it was decided that an army should be raised and George Washington of Virginia was named commander in chief

Question 42

Separation of Powers

Answer 42

A constitutional principle separating the personnel of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government

Question 43

Shay´s Rebellion

Answer 43

An armed attempt by Revolutionary War veterans to avoid losing their property by preventing the courts in western Massachusetts from meeting

Question 44

Social Contract Theory

Answer 44

A social contract is the compact that the people agree form rules and conditions for membership in their society. The belief that all persons are entitled to equal rights and treatment before the law.

Question 45

Sons and Daughters of Liberty

Answer 45

The Sons of Liberty was an organization that was created in the Thirteen American Colonies. The secret society was formed to protect the rights of the colonists and to fight taxation by the British government. They played a major role in most colonies in battling the Stamp Act in 1765.

Question 46

Stamp Act Congress

Answer 46

meeting of reps. of nine of the thirteen colonies held in New York City in 1765, during which reps. drafted a document to send to the king listing how their rights had been violated

Question 47

Supremacy Clause

Answer 47

The Supremacy Clause is a clause within Article VI of the U.S. Constitution which dictates that federal law is the “supreme law of the land.”

Question 48

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 48

Thomas Jefferson was born on April 13, 1743, in Shadwell, Virginia. He was a draftsman of the U.S. Declaration of Independence; the nation’s first secretary of state (1789-94); second vice president (1797-1801); and, as the third president (1801-09), the statesman responsible for the Louisiana Purchase.

Question 49

Thomas Paine

Answer 49

Three Principles:

1. men are born and remain always free and equal in their rights
2. political associations are created to solely preserve these rights
3. The nation can only have rights that are granted by the people

ignorance over reason = monarchy

government is formed on two bases: reason and ignorance, when reason trumps ignorance, the best form of government emerges - republic

wrote The Rights of Man

Question 50

Three-Fifths Compromise

Answer 50

Compromise agreement between northern and southern states at the Constitutional Convention that three-fifths of the slave population would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation in the House of Representatives.

Question 51

Virginia Plan

Answer 51

Initial proposition at the Constitutional Convention made by the Virginia delegation for a strong central government with a bicameral legislature, the lower house to be elected by the voters and the upper chosen by the lower.