ApGovCh.14.Alyssa.Lujano

Question 1

Interest Group

Answer 1

A collection of people or organizations that tries to influence public policy.

Sentence: The American Civil Liberties Union is an interest group.

Question 2

American Anti-Slavery Society

Answer 2

A major interest group, founded in 1833, to advocate for the abolition of the institution of slavery throughout the United States.

Sentence: His American Anti-Slavery Society views made him more attracted to the Whigs.

Question 3

Women’s Christian Temperance

Answer 3

A public interest group created in 1874 with the goal of outlawing the sale of liquor. Its activities included prayer groups, protest marches, lobbying, and the destruction of saloons.

Sentence: Gathering that include liquor would be against the beliefs of the Women’s Christian Temperance.

Question 4

The Grange

Answer 4

Founded in 1867 as an educational organization for farmers, The Grange evolved into the first truly national interest group by working to protect the political and economic concerns of farming communities and rural areas.

Sentence: The Grange valued the education of farmers, this helped the whole community be more aware of economic and political issues.

Question 5

Lobbyist

Answer 5

Interest group representative who seeks to influence legislation that will benefit his or her organization or client through political and/or financial persuasion.

Sentence: Lobbyist influence officials in their daily lives.

Question 6

Progressive Movement

Answer 6

A broad group of political and social activist from the 1890s to the 1920s who opposed corruption in government, supported regulation of monopolies, and sought improvement of socioeconomic conditions.

Sentence: The Progressive Movement encouraged positive outcomes for the government.

Question 7

Public interest group

Answer 7

An organization that seeks a collective good that if achieved will not selectively and materially benefit group members.

Sentence: The Public interest group focuses on the issues of the general public.

Question 8

American Federation of Labor (AFL)

Answer 8

Founded in 1866, the AFL brought skilled workers from several trades together into one stronger national organization for the first time. It merged in 1955 with the Congress of industrial organizations to form the AFL-CIO.

Sentence: The American Federation of Labor originally organized craft workers.

Question 9

National Association of Manufacturers (NAM)

Answer 9

An organization founded in 1895 by manufacturers to combat the growth of organized labor.

Sentence: The largest manufacturing association inthe United States is the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM).

Question 10

U.S. Chamber of Commerce

Answer 10

A major pro- business lobbying group founded in 1912.

Sentence: The U.S. Chamber of Commerce is the largest lobbying group in the U.S.

Question 11

Trade association

Answer 11

A group that represents a specific industry.

Sentence: Trade association is funded and founded by businesses that operate in a specific industry.

Question 12

Jerry Falwell

Answer 12

A southern Baptist minster who, in 1978, founded the conservative religious interest group the Moral Majority.

Sentence: Jerry Falwell was the founding pastor of the Thomas Road Pastor Church.

Question 13

Moral Majority

Answer 13

A conservative religious interest group credited with helping to mobilize conservative Evangelical Christian voters from its Founding in 1978 through the presidency of Ronald Reagan (1981-1989).

Sentence: Moral Majority was founded by Jerry Falwell.

Question 14

Pat Robertson

Answer 14

A Southern Baptist minister and television evangelist who ran for president in 1988 and in 1989 founded the conservative religious interest group the Christian Coalition.

Sentence: Pat Robertson went to Washington and Lee University.

Question 15

Christian Coalition

Answer 15

A religious interest group founded in 1989 to advance conservative Christian principles and traditional values in American politics.

Sentence: Christian Coalition is founded by Pat Robertson.

Question 16

National Rifle Association (NRA)

Answer 16

The major gun-rights lobbying group in the United States, which opposes gun control and advances an expansive interpretation of the Second Amendment.

Sentence: National Rifle Association (NRA) is a nonprofit organization.

Question 17

AFL-CIO

Answer 17

A large labor union founded in 1955 by the merging of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and its one-time rival the congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO).

Sentence: AFL-CIO is the largest federation of unions in the United States.

Question 18

Social Capital

Answer 18

Cooperative relationships that facilitate the resolution of collective problems.

Sentence: Social Capital enables the society to function effectively.

Question 19

Civic Virtue

Answer 19

The tendency to form small-scale associations for the public good.

Sentence: Civic Virtue is important to Republicans.

Question 20

Pluralist Theory

Answer 20

The theory that political power is distributed among a wide array of diverse and competing interest groups.

Sentence: Pluralist Theory encourages groups of like-minded people.

Question 21

Disturbance Theory

Answer 21

The theory that interest groups form as a result of changes in the political systems.

Sentence: The Disturbance Theory also states that interest groups form and grow in response to threats.

Question 22

Transactions theory

Answer 22

The theory that public policies are the result of narrowly defined exchanges or transactions among political actors.

Sentence: Transactions theory emphasizes the importance of the market economy.

Question 23

Collective good

Answer 23

Something of value that cannot be withheld from a nonmember of a group, a tax write-off or a better environment.

Sentence: Collective goods are produced by public authority.

Question 24

Economic interest group

Answer 24

A group with the primary purpose of promoting the financial interests of its members.

Sentence: Economic interest groups can include organizations that represent big businesses.

Question 25

Political Action Committee (PAC)

Answer 25

Officially recognized fund-raising organization that represents interest groups and is allowed by federal law to make contributions directly to candidates’ campaigns.

Question 26

Lobbying

Answer 26

The activities of a group or organization that seek to persuade political leaders to support the group’s position.

Sentence: In some way, communication to the public may be considered as grassroots lobbying.

Question 27

Marian Wright Edelman

Answer 27

A lawyer who in 1973 founded the Children´s Defense Fund to protect the right of children, particularly those who are members of disadvantaged groups.

Sentence: Marian Wright Edelman became the first African- American woman to pass the bar exam in Mississippi.

Question 28

Patron

Answer 28

A person who finances a group or individual activity.

Sentence: A patron of the arts helps support starving artists.

Question 29

Free rider problem

Answer 29

Potential members who fail to join a group because they can get the benefit, or collective good, sought by the group without contributing the effort.

Sentence: The result of a free rider problem would be an underprovision.

Question 30

Lobbying disclosure act

Answer 30

A 1995 federal law that employed a strict definition of lobbyist and established strict reporting requirements on the activities of lobbyist.

Sentence: The Lobbying disclosure act was amended by the Honest Leadership and Open Government act of 2007.

Question 31

Honest Leadership and open government act of 2007

Answer 31

Lobbying reform banning gifts to members of congress and their staffs, toughening disclosure requirements, and increasing time limits on moving from the federal government.

Sentence: The Honest Leadership and open government act was signed into law by president George W. Bush.