Apdx B Flashcards
What are some methods for graphing data in psychology?
Frequency distribution, histogram, and frequency polygon are methods for graphing data.
What are the measures of central tendency used in descriptive statistics?
Measures of central tendency include mean, median, and mode.
How is variability measured in statistics?
Variability is measured using the standard deviation.
What does the normal distribution in psychology refer to?
The normal distribution is a statistical concept used in psychological tests, and it involves relative measures with the standard deviation as a unit of measure, often converted to percentile scores.
What is the null hypothesis in hypothesis testing?
The null hypothesis asserts that there is no difference between a treatment and no treatment, and the goal of testing is not to prove it right but to assess its validity.
What are some methodological pitfalls in evaluating research?
Methodological pitfalls include sampling bias, placebo effects, distortions in self-report data (e.g., social desirability bias, response set), experimenter bias (addressed with the double-blind solution), and the concept of effect size.
What does Cohen’s d measure in psychology?
Cohen’s d is used to indicate the effect size, with a larger number suggesting a larger effect size.
What is the significance of statistical significance in psychology?
Statistical significance is achieved when the probability of observed findings being due to chance is very low (usually less than 5 chances in 100, denoted as p < 0.05).
Front (10):
Can you prove anything with statistics?
No, statistics cannot prove anything by themselves; they provide evidence, and the scientific method is essential to draw valid conclusions.
