AP04 Surface Anatomy

Question 1

What are the main branches of the external carotid artery?

Answer 1

Superior thyroid
ascending pharyngeal
lingual artery
facial artery
occipital artery
posterior auricular artery
maxillary
superficial temporal

Question 2

What is palpable in the jugular notch?

Answer 2

anastomoses of the anterior jugular vein
sternal head of SCM
interclavicular ligament
lymph nodes

Question 3

Where would you auscultate the aortic valve?

Answer 3

2nd intercostal space right of the sternum

Question 4

Where would you auscultate the pulmonary valve?

Answer 4

2nd intercostal space left of the sternum

Question 5

Where would you auscultate the tricuspid valve?

Answer 5

5th intercostal space right of the sternum

Question 6

Where would you auscultate the mitral valve?

Answer 6

5th intercostal space left midclavicular line

Question 7

Why does auscultation site differ from the surface projection of the valves?

Answer 7

the murmurs depend on proximity of the heart chambers to the thoracic cage and the direction of blood flow

Question 8

At what level is the manubriosternal joint?

Answer 8

T4/5

Question 9

At what level is the xiphisternal joint?

Answer 9

T9

Question 10

How would you palpate the subclavian artery?

Answer 10

just superior to mid clavicle

Question 11

where would you palpate the axillary pulse?

Answer 11

armpit

Question 12

Where would you palpate the brachial pulse?

Answer 12

medail to brachial tendon in cubital fossa

Question 13

where would you palpate the radial pulse?

Answer 13

anatomical sunffbox

Question 14

Where would you palpate the ulnar pulse?

Answer 14

below fifth digit at the proximal skin crease of the wrist

Question 15

Where would you palpate the femoral pulse?

Answer 15

femoral triangle

Question 16

Where would you palpate the popliteal pulse?

Answer 16

popliteal fossa

Question 17

Where would you palpate the posterior tibial pulse?

Answer 17

posterior to the medial malleolus

Question 18

Where would you palpate dorsalis pedis pulse?

Answer 18

naviculus

Question 19

What is strange about the waveform of the external jugular vein?

Answer 19

it is biphasic

3 peaks:
right atrial contraction
right ventricular contraction (tricuspid valve bulges)
gap
venous filling

Question 20

What type of joint in the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 20

saddle synovial

Question 21

What might displacement of the trachea from the midline indicate?

Answer 21

unequal intrathoracic pressure in chest cavity (tension pneumothorax for example)

Question 22

What does an aortic stenosis sound like?

Answer 22

a loud mumur early in systole, a diamond on the phonocardiograph

Question 23

What might be damaged in median cubital IV?

Answer 23

median nerve
biceps tendon
radial artery
brachial artery
ulnar artery