AP03 Arterial and Venous Trees Flashcards
What forms the anastomoses around the elbow?
the profunda brachii and brachial artery
Which vein is used in venepuncture in the arm, is it superficial or deep?
median cubital vein
What is different about the IVC tributaries from the right to left side?
right renal, suprarenal, and gonadal veins are separate
left suprarenal and gonadal veins are tributaries of the left renal vein
What is different about the IVC and abdominal aorta?
abdominal aorta is connected to the GIT, this does not occur in the IVC because this blood travels directly to the liver via the venous portal system
What are the tributaries to the portal vein?
superior mesenteric vein
gastric veins
splenic vein (inferior mesenteric tributary)
What is the relationship between the ovarian, uterine, and vaginal arteries to the internal iliac artery?
the uterine and vaginal arteries are branches of the internal iliac artery
the ovarian artery is a branch of the uterine artery
Are there any venous valves in the head and neck?
generally, no
the only one is the internal jugular vein valve, which prevents backflow from the superior vena cava wooshing in!
What is collateral circulation?
Why is it important for coronary heart disease?
network of tiny blood vessels which aren’t usually open
when coronary arteries are so narrow, collateral vessels enlarge and become active
What is an AV shunt?
bypassing oxygenation, blood moves from the venous to arterial side skipping pulmonary ciculation
Name 2 examples of A-V shunts
Thesbian veins
bronchial circulation
What are varicose veins?
failure of valves separating the deep veins of the leg and the superficial great saphenous vein
What types of repairs are used for AAA?
open aneurysm repair
endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR)
What proportion of the adult population has a median artery?
35%
What does the axillary vein drain?
arm
axilla
superolateral chest wall
What does the cephalic vein drain?
radial hand
forearm
arm
How does the cephalic vein communicate with the basilic vein?
median cubital vein
What does the median antebrachial vein do?
drains venous plexus on the palmar surface of he hand
What does the superior epigastric artery branch from?
internal thoracic artery
What does the deep inferior epigastric artery branch off?
external iliac
What does the superficial inferior epigastric branch off?
femoral artery
What does the coeliac trunk supply?
foregut (terminal oesophagus to duodenum)
What does the SMA supply?
midgut (duodenum to 1/3 of colon)
What does the IMA supply?
hindgut (last 2/3 of colon)
Name 4 tributaries of the splenic vein
short gastric veins
left gastro-omental vein
pacreatic veins
IMV
Name 7 tributaries of the SMV
right gastric-omental vein anterior and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal veins jejunal vein ileal vein ileocolic right colic middle colic
What tributaries contribute to the internal iliac vein?
superior and inferior gluteal veins internal pudendal vein obturator vein lateral sacral veins middle rectal vein vesical veins uterine and vaginal veins
What tributaries contribute to the external iliac vein?
inferior epigastric veins
deep circumflex iliac veins
What are the branches of the exernal carotid artery?
superior thyroid artery ascending pharyngeal artery lingual artery facial artery occipital artery posterior auricular artery maxillary artery superficial temporal artery
How do vertebral arteries enter the brain?
foramen magnum, they then converge to form the basilar artery
What drains into the external jugular vein?
posterior auricular vein retromandibular vein (posterior branch, with contributions from maxillary and superficial temporal veins)
