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DIG > AP02 - Oral cavity, salivary glands, oesophagus and stomach > Flashcards

AP02 - Oral cavity, salivary glands, oesophagus and stomach Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different types of salivary glands?

A
  1. Parotid salivary gland
  2. Submandibular salivary gland
  3. Sublingual salivary gland
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2
Q

Describe the saliva produced by the parotid salivary gland

A

Watery and serous saliva

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3
Q

Describe the saliva produced by the submandibular salivary gland

A

Mixed serous and mucous saliva

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4
Q

Describe the saliva produced by the sublingual gland

A

Saliva is thicker than that prod in submandibular gland

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5
Q

Innervation of parotid gland?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

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6
Q

Innervation of submandibular gland?

A

Facial nerve (via chorda tympani branch)

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7
Q

Innervation of sublingual gland?

A

Facial nerve (via chorda tympani)

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8
Q

What do the intrinsic muscles in the tongue do (general)?

A

Alters the shape of the tongue

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9
Q

What do the extrinsic muscles of the tongue do (general)?

A

Moves the tongue

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10
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A
  1. Superior longitudinal
  2. Inferior longitudinal
  3. Transverse
  4. Vertical
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11
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A
  1. Genioglossus
  2. Hyoglossus
  3. Styloglossus
  4. Palatoglossus
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12
Q

What is the neurovasculature of the superior longitudinal muscle of the tongue?

A

Arterial supply = Lingual artery (tonsillar artery ~ collateral circ)
Venous drainage = Lingual vein
Lymphatic drainage =
Innervation = Hypoglossal

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13
Q

What is the neurovasculature of the inferior longitudinal muscle of the tongue?

A

Arterial supply = Lingual artery (tonsillar artery ~ collateral circ)
Venous drainage = Lingual vein
Lymphatic drainage =
Innervation = Hypoglossal

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14
Q

What is the neurovasculature of the transverse muscle of the tongue

A

Arterial supply = Lingual artery (tonsillar artery ~ collateral circ)
Venous drainage = Lingual vein
Lymphatic drainage =
Innervation = Hypoglossal

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15
Q

What is the neurovasculature of the vertical muscle of the tongue?

A

Arterial supply = Lingual artery (tonsillar artery ~ collateral circ)
Venous drainage = Lingual vein
Lymphatic drainage =
Innervation = Hypoglossal

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16
Q

Function of superior longitudinal muscle of tongue?

A
  • Shortens tongue

- Curls apex and sides of tongue

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17
Q

Function of inferior longitudinal muscle of tongue?

A
  • Shortens tongue

- Uncurls apex and turns it downwards

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18
Q

Function of the transverse muscle of the tongue?

A
  • Narrows and elongates tongue
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19
Q

Function of vertical muscle of tongue?

A
  • Flattens and widens tongue
20
Q

Neurovasculature of genioglossus muscle?

A

Arterial supply = Lingual artery (branch of external carotid artery)
Venous drainage = Lingual vein
Innervation = Hypoglossal

21
Q

Neurovasculature of hyoglossus muscle?

A

Arterial supply = Lingual artery (branch of external carotid artery)
Venous drainage = Lingual vein
Innervation = Hypoglossal

22
Q

Neurovasculature of styloglossus muscle?

A

Arterial supply = Lingual artery (branch of external carotid artery)
Venous drainage = Lingual vein
Innervation = Hypoglossal

23
Q

Neurovasculature of palatoglossus muscle?

A

Arterial supply = Lingual artery (branch of external carotid artery)
Venous drainage = Lingual vein
Innervation = Vagus

24
Q

Lymphatic drainage of anterior 2/3 of tongue?

A

Drains into submental and submandibular nodes –> deep cervical lymph nodes

25
Q

Lymphatic drainage od posterior 1/3 of tongue?

A

Directly into deep cervical lymph nodes

26
Q

What are the differnet types of papillae on the surface of the tongue?

A
  1. Filiform
  2. Fungiform
  3. Vallate (circumvallate)
  4. Foliate
27
Q

Which papillae is the only papillae that does not have taste buds on it?

A

Filiform papillae

28
Q

Shape of filiform papillae?

A

Small cone-shaped projections of the mucosa that end in one or more points

29
Q

Shape of fungiform papillae?

A
  • Rounder in shape than filiform papillae

- Larger than filiform papillae

30
Q

Shape of vallate papillae?

A
  • Blunt-ended cylindrical papillae invaginations
31
Q

Shape of foliate papillae?

A

Short vertical folds of mucosa (4 or 5 vertical folds)

32
Q

Location of foliate papillae?

A

Sides of tongue near the terminal sulcus of the tongue

33
Q

Location of vallate papillae?

A

Approx. 8-12 vallate papillae in a single V-shaped line immediately anterior to the terminal sulcus of the tongue

34
Q

Location of fungiform papillae?

A

Concentrated along the margins of the tongue

35
Q

Location of filiform papillae?

A

Central of tongue?

36
Q

Neurovasculature of stomach?

A

Arterial supply = Coeliac trunk and branches
= Left and right gastric arteries form the anastomoses of the lesser curvature
= Left and right gastro-omental arteries form anastomoses along the greater curvature
Venous drainage = Run parallel to the arteries
= Right and left gastric veins drain into HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN
= Right and left gastro-omental veins drain into SUPERIOR MESENTERIC VEIN
Lymphatic drainage = Gastric and gastro-omental lymph nodes (gastric lymphatic vessels travel with the arteries along the greater and lesser curvatures of the stomach) –> Efferent L.nodes connect to the coeliac lymph nodes
Innervation = Para nerve arise from anterior and posterior vagal trunks, derived from vagus nerve
= Sympa nerve arise from T6-T9 spinal cord segment, passes to coeliac plexus via greater splanchnic nerve

37
Q

What are the 3 main causes of reflux disease?

A
  1. Dysfunction of the LOS
  2. Delayed gastric emptying
  3. Hiatal hernia
38
Q

What is a hiatus hernia?

A

Occurs when part of the stomach protrudes into the chest through the oesophageal hiatus in the diaphragm

39
Q

What are the two types of hiatal hernias?

A
  1. Sliding hiatus hernia - LOS slides superiorly, therefore diaphragm no longer reinforcing the sphincter
  2. Rolling hiatus hernia - LOS remains in place but a part of the stomach herniates into the chest
40
Q

What are the different cavities of the oesophagus?

A
  1. Oral cavity
  2. Thoracic cavity
  3. Abdominal cavity
41
Q

Innervation of oesophagus?

A

Oesophageal plexus

42
Q

Lymphatic drainage of oesophagus?

A
  1. Superior third - deep cervical lymph nodes
  2. Middle third - Superior and posterior mediastinal nodes
  3. Lower third - Left gastric and coeliac nodes
43
Q

AS and VD of thoracic cavity of oesophagus?

A

AS = branches of thoracic aorta and inferior thyroid artery (branch of thyrocervical trunk)
VD = Azygous veins and inferior thyroid vein
= Also to hemiazygous, posterior intercostal and bronchial veins (less significance)

44
Q

AS and VD of abdominal cavity of oesophagus?

A

AS = Left gastric artery (branch of coeliac trunk) and left inferior phrenic artery
VD = To PORTAL CIRC via left gastric vein
= To SYSTEMIC CIRC via azygous vein

45
Q

What are the different parts of the stomach called?

A
  • Cardia
  • Fundus
  • Corpus (body)
  • Antrum
  • Pylorus

DIG (31 decks)

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