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AP World History > AP world history : The Hellenistic World > Flashcards

AP world history : The Hellenistic World Flashcards

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1
Q

Crete

A

Palace society/civilization
Knossos : political center
Center of exchange
Religious significance

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2
Q

What caused the decline of the Minoan civilization

A

Volcanic eruptions on the island of Thera

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3
Q

Mycenaeans

A

Indoeuropeans : s.russia, Europe, India, Persia

Skills: war and piracy

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4
Q

Minoans

A

Influence: Linear A —> Linear B
Technology: pottery
Trade

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5
Q

Where and when do Dorian’s take over

A

After Troy is destroyed. Troy

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6
Q

Age of kings

A

Polis: small city states. Sovereign urban center. Governed itself and surrounding region
Small area, population

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7
Q

Agora

A

Marketplace

Economic and political

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8
Q

Acropolis

A

Social, political, and religious city state

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9
Q

Tyrants

A 
Popular government 
Assemblies
People invited into countries to settle disputes between rich and poor 
Nobles (land) 
Merchants (\$\$$) 
Small farmers
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10
Q

Athens

A 
Metics: non citizens 
Govt: assembly: all citizens represented, citizens divided into 4 classes.
3 classes : right to vote
2 classes : chosen archons
Court system : no written laws 
All judges : nobles
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11
Q

Sparta

A

Came from Dorian’s
Peloponnesus
Characterized by: militaristic, xenophobic, totalitarian
20:1 helots –> Spartans
Monarchs
2 kings
Ephors: elected from assembly, all male over30, ruled in relationship with council of elders (60 ys), maintain discipline

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12
Q

Solon

A

Athens
Council of 400
100 fork. Each class
Officials chosen from the top 3 classes

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13
Q

Persian wars

A 
Ionian Greeks
Athens: in sighting the Greeks to rebel and financially support
Marathon - G
Thermopylae - P
Salamis- G
Plataea - G
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14
Q

Results of the Persian wars

A 
Greek cooperation
Persian defeat but Persian threat still remained
Greek culture preserved
The Delian league
Athens burned down
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15
Q

The Delian league

A

Anti Persian alliance or attempt by the Athenian empire to seize power
Pericles
200 cit states providing money and resources to rebel Persia

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16
Q

Pericles

A

Salary to govt officials and jurors
Rise to democracy by giving the poor a chance in the govt
Corinth: chief rival to trade with Athens
Alliances with city states to stop trade with Corinth
Corinth and Sparta become alliances
Peloponnesian war : Athens surrenders
Rise to Philip of Macedonia : invades Greece

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17
Q

Alexander

A

Anatolia, Persia, Mesopotamia, Central Asia, Egypt, Indus Valley
Ability to conquest comes from: military , genius , personal courage

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18
Q

Impacts of Alexander the Great

A 
Construction of 100 cities across empires : spread Greek culture
New culture : Hellenistic 
Intermarriage between Greeks and natives
Migrate
Use of Greek
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19
Q

Post Alexander

A 
Hellenistic world 
Cosmopolitan
Interaction
Integration
Greek
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20
Q

RESULTS

A 
Greek language
Urbanization of eastern Mediterranean 
Mixed economy
Agriculture, manufacturing
Trade
Cultural unity without political unity
Lots of interaction and exchange
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21
Q

Alexandria

A

Museum : temple for muses
Library
Lighthouse

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22
Q

Socrates

A

The unreasoned life is not worth living
Socratic method
Sentenced to death for questioning the existence of gods

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23
Q

Plato

A 
Dialogues : Socrates and Plato's teachings
Academy
Concept of ideas and for s
Universals
Virtue : idea of the good
Ideal state : similar to Sparta, basis is justice, workers, soldiers, philosophers, philosopher kings
Abolition of family and private property
The republic: the ideal state 
Aristotes disciple
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24
Q

Aristotle

A

Lyceum : center of learning, dedicated to science
Ideal state: monarchy, aristocracy, democracy, philosopher king, educated elite, popular assembly
Reason: scholasticism: faith through reason

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25
Q

Cynics (skeptics)

A

Encouraged the people to live simple life
All material possessions were unnecessary and nature would provide what one needed
Similar to Hinduism
Ascetics? Simple life for virtue
Did not want to conform to the conventions of the day

26
Q

Epicureans

A

Believed that the greek gods existed but did not interact with human affairs
The greatest philosophyisthepursuit of pleasure (absence of pain)
Similar to Theravada Buddhism

27
Q

Stoics

A

Believed that the highest goal of humans was to peruse virtue which could o ly be achieved by living in harmony with nature
Passion : suffering and pai
Gender equality
Similar to Confucianism

28
Q

Rome origins mythical

A

Room,us and Remus

Anaeid and Virgil

29
Q

Etruscans

A

Govt city buildings art law

30
Q

Greece impact on Rome

A

Language religion

31
Q

Minoan society

A

Crete
Built lavish palaces throughout island
Enormous complex at Knossos decorated with vivid frescoes depicting Minoans at work and play
Palaces were nerve centers of society: residences were rulers, storehouses where officials collected taxes
Linear A: symbols stood for syllables

32
Q

Mycenean

A

Migratory indoeuropeans adopted Minoan Linear A into language to create Linear B
Massive stone fortresses and palaces throughout S.greek peninsula (Peloponnesus)

33
Q

E.mediterranean chaos

A

Trojan war

34
Q

Polis

A

Taxed
Lacked centralized govt
Commercial centers
Eventually became city states

35
Q

Spartan society

A

Citizens equal i status
Simple, frugal, austere
Distinctions came from prowess, discipline, and military talent

36
Q

Athenian society

A 
Aristocrats increased holdings of land and owners of small plots could not complete leaving them heavily in debt.
Solon devised solution to class conflict
37
Q

Solon allowed…..

A

Aristocrats to keep their lands rather than confiscate them, but he cancelled debts nd forbade debt slavery, and liberated those already enslaved to debt

38
Q

Greeks did not build

A

Centralized imperial state

39
Q

Thucydides

A

Wrote a detailed history of the peloponnesian war

40
Q

Antigonoid empire

A

Smallest of Hellenistic empires

41
Q

Ptolemaic empire

A

Wealthiest

42
Q

Alexandria is

A

Ptolemaic capital
Enormous harbor
Megalopolis

43
Q

Seleucid empire

A

Geek influence reached its highest

Greek and Aramaic

44
Q

Sappho

A

Compost 9 volumes of poetry

45
Q

Greek science and mathematics

A

Observable evidence

46
Q

Etruscans

A

Migrated from Italy to Anatolia

47
Q

Roman republic

A

2 consuls who wielded civil and military power
Plebeians threatened to rebel
Patricians allow pleabians to elect tribunes
First set of laws : 12 tables.. Similar to Greek law

48
Q

Punic wars

A

Romeos Carthage

49
Q

Gracci brothers

A

Class tensions lead to a civil war

Worked to limit the amount of land a person could hold

50
Q

Marius

A

Hunted down political leaders

51
Q

Sulla

A

Seized Rome and initiates a grisly slaughter of enemies

Posted list of enemies and encouraged kill

52
Q

Caesar

A

Nephew of Marius
Battles between gladiator
Conquest to Gaul and defeat
Centralized military
Confiscate property a d distributed land to veterans
Extended roman citizenship to people in imperial states
Appointed Gauls to senate

53
Q

Augustus Caesar

A

Octavian who defeated principal enemy : mark Antony allied with cleopatra

54
Q

Augustus’ government

A

Imperial
Monarchy disguised as a republic
Centralized political and military power
New standing army with commanders who owed allegiance directly to the empire

55
Q

PAx romana

A

Brought to Rome by Augustus when he ended the civil war

Facilitated trade and communication throughout empire

56
Q

Aqueducts

A

Brought fresh water into Rome from neighboring fountains

57
Q

Tutelary deities

A

Gods who looked after the welfare of an individuals household

58
Q

Most prominent Hellenistic school of thought

A

Stoicism

59
Q

Cicero

A

Persuasive Latin orator
Stoic morals and ethical teachings
Live in accordance with nature and reason

60
Q

The Essenes

A

Strict moral code
Baptism
Community

61
Q

Largest commercial center on E.african coast

A

RHAPTA

62
Q

Mani and manichaeism

A

Zarathustra is a prophet from Persia
Buddha is a prophet from India
Jesus is a prophet from Mediterranean world
Dualist

Ascetic life

AP World History (7 decks)

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