AP world history: major belief systems

Question 1

Brahmins

Answer 1

Priests

Performed sacrifices, studied Vedas, intermediary between gods and humans

Question 2

Kshatriyas

Answer 2

War aristocrats

Provided protection
Dispense justice
Offer sacrifice

Question 3

Vaishyas

Answer 3

Merchants landowners artisans

Farm and tended cattle
Studied Vedas
Offer sacrifices
Lend money and trade

Question 4

Shudras

Answer 4

Peasants servants

Serve other castes
May not study the Vedas
May not hear sacred chants

Question 5

Pariah Dasas

Answer 5

Untouchables

Indigenous people
Dravidians

Question 6

How many days was siddhartha in meditation for?

Answer 6

49 days

Question 7

Jati

Answer 7

People working in the same or similar tasks in a given area

Question 8

Law book of Manu

Answer 8

Handbook of moral behavior and social relationships

Question 9

Indra

Varuna

Answer 9

Chief god, boisterous, warrior god

Sky god, oversaw human behaviors

Question 10

Atman

Answer 10

Individual soul
Part of Brahman
Enters body at birth
Goal: reunite with Brahman

Question 11

Samsara

Answer 11

Dead –> world of fathers

Return in reincarnation

Question 12

Dharma

Answer 12

Moral duties and religious obligations determine karma

Question 13

Moksha

Answer 13

Completion of the cycle

Asceticism (purification)

Question 14

Caste system

Answer 14

Result of a frozen economic system

Four caste systems

Question 15

Hinduism

Answer 15

No beginning
No single founder
So single sacred text
No organization of central activity

Question 16

Uniqueness of Hinduism

Answer 16

No definite beginning
No single founder
No single sacred texts
No organization or central authority 
Differing beliefs and practices : caste, gender, region

Question 17

4 noble truths

Answer 17

Life is full of suffering and pain
People have selfish desires
Eliminate desires by following the
8 fold path

The dharma

Question 18

8 fold path

Answer 18

Right view: know the 4 noble truths
Right intention: know what you truly want
Right speech: speak the truth and well of others
Right actions: no killing, stealing, drinking, drugs, be chaste.
Right livelihood: do what uplifts you
Right effort: work hard to achieve goals
Right mindfulness: mind>senses
Right concentration: meditate for new pov’s

Question 19

Appeal of Buddhism:

Answer 19

Sought to escape the cycle of reincarnation

Jati

Question 20

Ashoka’s support

Answer 20

Pain of violence

Question 21

Mahayana Buddhism

Answer 21

Development of Buddhism: bodhisattvas: individuals who reached spiritual perfection
The spread of Mahayana Buddhism: faith

Question 22

The epics

Answer 22

Mahabharata
Ramayana
Vishnu : God of the world
Bhagavad Gita: short poetic work

Question 23

Focal points of Buddhists:

Answer 23

Monasteries, stupas