AP World History Chapter 35 Dismantling the Soviet Empire

Question 1

Who’s new approach, including his desire for better relations with what, prompted more definitive results outside where than within, as what uniformly pushed for what and what?

Answer 1

Mikhail Gorbachev’s new approach, including his desire for better relations with Western powers, prompted more definitive results outside the Soviet Union than within, as the smaller states of eastern Europe uniformly pushed for greater independence and internal reforms.

Question 2

What moved for what when but is held back by what; what resumed when as the what was what and what were arranged?

Answer 2

Bulgaria moved for economic liberalization in 1987 but is held back by the Soviets; pressure resumed in 1989 as the party leader was ousted and free elections were arranged.

Question 3

Who changed leadership when and installed a what?

Answer 3

Hungary changed leadership in 1988 and installed a noncommunist president.

Question 4

What and what were planned; what renamed itself what?

Answer 4

A new constitution and free elections were planned; the Communist party renamed itself Socialist.

Question 5

What also reviewed its great 1956 rising, formally declaring it “a popular uprising…against an oligarchic system…which had humiliated the nation.”

Answer 5

Hungary also reviewed its great 1956 rising, formally declaring it “a popular uprising…against an oligarchic system…which had humiliated the nation.”

Question 6

What moved rapidly toward a what?

Answer 6

Hungary moved rapidly toward a free-market economy.

Question 7

What installed a what when, and again moved quickly to dismantle the state-run economy?

Answer 7

Poland installed a noncommunist government in 1988, and again moved quickly to dismantle the state-run economy.

Question 8

What rose rapidly as what was withdrawn?

Answer 8

Prices rose rapidly as government subsidies was withdrawn.

Question 9

The what, born a what before through a what of what and what, became the what?

Answer 9

The Solidarity movement, born a decade before through a merger of noncommunist labor leaders and Catholic intellectuals, became the dominant political force.

Question 10

What removed its what when, expelling who and moving rapidly toward what with what?

Answer 10

East Germany removed its communist government in 1989, expelling key leaders and moving rapidly toward unification with West Germany.

Question 11

What was dismantled, and when did who won a free election?

Answer 11

The Berlin Wall was dismantled, and in 1990 noncommunists won a free election.

Question 12

What installed a what when, headed by a what, and seeks to introduce what and a more market-driven economy?

Answer 12

Czechoslovakia installed a new government in 1989, headed by a playwright, and seeks to introduce free elections and a more market-driven economy.

Question 13

The exceptionally authoritarian communist leader of what was swept out by force?

Answer 13

The exceptionally authoritarian communist leader of Romania was swept out by force.

Question 14

The what retained what, although under new leadership, and reforms moved less rapidly than in Hungary and Czechoslovakia?

Answer 14

The Communist party retained considerable power, although under new leadership, and reforms moved less rapidly than in Hungary and Czechoslovakia.

Question 15

The what in where was dislodged and a more flexible what installed?

Answer 15

The unreconstructed Stalinist regime in Albania was dislodged and a more flexible communist leadership installed.

Question 16

What in the nature and extent of reform where was exacerbated by what among what, as in the Soviet Union?

Answer 16

New divergencies in the nature and extent of reform in eastern Europe was exacerbated by clashes among nationalities, as in the Soviet Union.

Question 17

Who and who clashed?

Answer 17

Romanians and ethnic Hungarians clashed.

Question 18

Who attacked a what left over from the Ottoman period?

Answer 18

Bulgarians attacked a Turkish minority left over from the Ottoman period.

Question 19

In when, the what, although not Soviet dominated, also came under attack, and a civil war boiled up from disputes among nationalities?

Answer 19

In 1991, the Yugoslavian communist regime, although not Soviet dominated, also came under attack, and a civil war boiled up from disputes among nationalities.

Question 20

What, notably what, what, and what, proclaimed what, but the national, Serbian-dominated army applied massive force to preserve the what?

Answer 20

Minority nationality areas, notably Slovenia, Croatia, and Bosnia/Herzegovina, proclaimed independence, but the national, Serbian-dominated army applied massive force to preserve the Yugoslav nation.

Question 21

Few of these governments actually defined their what, and amid innovation the range of what almost compelled later consolidations?

Answer 21

Few of these governments actually defined their constitutional structure, and amid innovation the range of political parties almost compelled later consolidations.

Question 22

Like the what itself, all the what suffered from the what, what, and what that might well lead to what?

Answer 22

Like the Soviet Union itself, all the eastern European states suffered from sluggish production, massive pollution, and economic problems that might well lead to new political discontent.

Question 23

With what and what abruptly withdrawn by when, tensions over the first results of the introduction of the what in Poland brought what and what increases?

Answer 23

With state controls and protection abruptly withdrawn by 1991, tensions over the first results of the introduction of the market economy in Poland brought rising unemployment and further price increases.

Question 24

These in turn produced growing disaffection from the what leadership?

Answer 24

These in turn produced growing disaffection from the Solidarity leadership.

Question 25

Who reversed postwar what?

Answer 25

Mikhail Gorbachev reversed postwar Russian imperialism.