AP Psych Unit 2

Question 1

Neuron

Answer 1

nerve cells

Question 2

Dendrite

Answer 2

RECEIVE info from other neurons

Question 3

Axons

Answer 3

PASS info along to other neurons

Question 4

Myelin Sheath

Answer 4

encases some axons and helps speed up impulses

Question 5

Action Potential (impulses)

Answer 5

brief electrical charge that travels down the axon

Question 6

refractory period

Answer 6

limits the amount of action potentials that can be sent

Question 7

neurotransmitters

Answer 7

chemical messages that cross the synaptic gap between neurons

Question 8

synapse

Answer 8

tiny space/gap between neurons

Question 9

reuptake

Answer 9

absorption of excess neurotransmitter molecules by sending neurons

Question 10

endorphins

Answer 10

key neurotransmitter/natural opiate - when it feels pain or stress endorphins get released

Question 11

antagonists

Answer 11

substances that bind to synaptic receptors and increase the effect of the neurotransmitter

Question 12

The Nervous System

Answer 12

includes the brain, spinal cord, and a complex network of nerves - that sends messages back and forth between the brain and the body

Question 13

Central Nervous System

Answer 13

brain and spinal cord - reflexes simple automatic response to stimuli involving the spinal cord

Question 14

Peripheral Nervous system

Answer 14

all the nerves that communicate with the body - carries messages to CNS from body sense receptors, muscles and glands

Question 15

sensory neurons

Answer 15

carry signals to your brain to help you touch, taste, smell and see

Question 16

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 16

Voluntary control of skeletal muscles

Question 17

Motor Neurons

Answer 17

Directions to your brain, muscles and glands

Question 18

what two small nervous systems are included in the Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 18

Sympathetic nervous system and Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 19

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 19

the part of the nervous system responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive processes.

Question 20

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 20

AROUSES (heartbeat increases, pupils dilate etc)

Question 21

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 21

CALMS (heartbeat slows, pupils contract etc)

Question 22

Neural networks

Answer 22

a series of connected neurons that allow the processing and transmitting of information

Question 23

Reflexes

Answer 23

automatic response to a sensory stimulus - EX: the knee-jerk response

Question 24

Endocrine system

Answer 24

The glands and organs that make hormones and release them directly into the blood so they can travel to tissues and organs all over the body.

Question 25

Hormones

Answer 25

One of many substances made by glands in the body - circulate in the bloodstream and control the actions of certain cells or organs

Question 26

Adrenal Glands

Answer 26

small gland that makes steroid hormones, adrenaline, and noradrenaline

Question 27

The Epinephrine (flight or fight)

Answer 27

plays an important role in your body's “fight-or-flight” response

Question 28

Pituitary gland

Answer 28

monitors and regulates many bodily functions through the hormones that it produces, including: Growth and sexual/reproductive development and function

Question 29

brainstem

Answer 29

responsible for the automatic survival functions

Question 30

medulla

Answer 30

heartbeat and breathing

Question 31

reticular formation

Answer 31

controls arousal in nervous system

Question 32

thalamus

Answer 32

receives info from all senses except smell - sends them to higher regions of brain

Question 33

cerebellum

Answer 33

processes sensory info - nonverbal learning and memory

Question 34

limbic system

Answer 34

linked to memory, emotions and drives

Question 35

hippocampus

Answer 35

processes conscious memory

Question 36

amygdala

Answer 36

influences aggression and fear

Question 37

hypothalamus

Answer 37

linked to bodily maintenance functions and pleasurable rewards - influences pituitary glands, linking to nervous and endocrine system

Question 38

cerebral cortex

Answer 38

protected and nourished by glial cells (white matter)

Question 39

frontal lobe

Answer 39

voluntary movement, personaloty, emotions, thinking, and speech

Question 40

parietal lobe

Answer 40

understanding language, thought expressions, and sensations

Question 41

occipital lobe

Answer 41

vision (eye)

Question 42

temporal lobes

Answer 42

hearing

Question 43

motor cortex

Answer 43

controls voluntary movements on the OPPOSITE side of our body - located in rear of frontal lobes

Question 44

sensory cortext

Answer 44

processes sensations - located in the front parietal lobes

Question 45

association areas

Answer 45

sections of the cerebral cortex that are connected to the function of a primary part of the cerebral cortex

Question 45

association areas

Answer 45

sections of the cerebral cortex that are connected to the function of a primary part of the cerebral cortex

Question 46

plasticity

Answer 46

brain reorganizes in response to damage - esp[ecially with children

Question 47

neurogenesis

Answer 47

formation of new neurons is completely possible

Question 48

split brain

Answer 48

two cerebral hemispheres have been separated by partial or complete destruction of the corpus callosum

Question 49

corpus callosum

Answer 49

ensures both sides of the brain can communicate and send signals to each other

Question 50

lateralization

Answer 50

each brain half has specific functions

Question 51

Function of the right side of the brain?

Answer 51

visual perception/creative/art

Question 52

Function of the left side of the brain?

Answer 52

Verbal language/math/facts