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ap gov amendments Flashcards

1
Q

first amendment

A

grievances, religion, assembly, speech, press

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2
Q

petition the government

A

petition to get anything on ballot

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3
Q

establishment clause

A

can’t have state sponsored religion, can’t force religion

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4
Q

free exercise clause

A

dont need to practice religion, practice what you want

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5
Q

freedom of assembly

A

ability to assemble on public property, may need permit for public

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6
Q

what isn’t protected by freedom of speech (8)

A

inciting, words of clear and present danger, treasonous, liable, slander, sedition, obesities, perjury

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7
Q

what are inciting words

A

words that cause others to make them do bad things

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8
Q

what are liable words

A

false written words

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9
Q

what is slander

A

false spoken words

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10
Q

what is perjury

A

lying under oath

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11
Q

restrictions on assembly

A

permits, time, place, manner

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12
Q

prior restraint

A

cencorship of publication

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13
Q

what can’t the government do with freedom of press

A

prior restraint without proving national security

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14
Q

second amendment

A

right to bear arms

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15
Q

third amendment

A

no quartering of soldiers

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16
Q

fourth amendment

A

search and seizure

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17
Q

what do police need on their warrant

A

who, what, where, when, probable cause, judges signature

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18
Q

probable cause

A

reasonable case to be issuing a search warrant/making arrest; must be more than mere suspicion

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19
Q

what can police use in the court of law

A

anything they hear, see, smell, taste, touch

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20
Q

exclusionary clause

A

illegally obtained evidence cannot be used against you in court of law

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21
Q

what do teachers need when they search a student

A

reasonable suspicion

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22
Q

what do police need when they want to search something/someone

A

probable cause and/or a warrant

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23
Q

reasonable suspicion

A

suspicion based on specific facts; less than probable cause, could just be a hunch

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24
Q

fifth amendment

A

eminent domain, no double jeopardy, no self incrimination, due process of law, must be put on trial without indictment of grand jury

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25
Q

what does it mean to be put on trial without indictment of grand jury

A

you must have pre-trial to determine if you have enough charges brought against you for a grand jury trial

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26
Q

what is due process of law

A

police, government, etc must follow the rules of the law

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27
Q

what is no self incrimination mean

A

individuals have the right to remain silent, don’t need to answer questions, use anytime, plead the fifth

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28
Q

what is no double jeopardy mean

A

you can’t be put on trial for the same crime more than once

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29
Q

what is eminent domain

A

local, state, and federal government can take your property but must compensate you for it

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30
Q

sixth amendment

A

trial without undue delay, impartial jury, right to attorney, present at trial

31
Q

what is undue delay

A

right to a speedy trial

32
Q

what are you allowed in a courtroom

A

must be informed of what is going against you, call witnesses, go against witnesses, speedy and public trial, right to an attorney

33
Q

what type of courtroom is the sixth amendment

A

criminal cases

34
Q

what type of courtroom is the seventh amendment

A

civil cases

35
Q

seventh amendment

A

jury trial for civil trial in federal court

36
Q

eighth amendment

A

no excessive bail, no cruel and unusual punishment

37
Q

bail

A

sum of money to get out of jail before trial

38
Q

why is bail beneficial

A

shows innocent before proven guilty, better prepare defense team, help ensure you show up for trial (will have to pay)

39
Q

what is important about the bail sum

A

must meet crime, severe crime have higher price and vice versa

40
Q

preventative detention

A

have the right to deny bail if individual has capacity to disappear before trial

41
Q

what does no cruel and unusual punishment mean

A

punishment should meet the crime, only comes into play with what the judge/juryhas sentenced to you

42
Q

examples of cruel and unusual punishment

A

10 years is too much for stealing case of beer

43
Q

why is police beating you up for crime not protected by the eighth

A

not what the judge sentenced you for, but violates the fifth (due process) so that’s why it’s illegal

44
Q

ninth amendment

A

unenumerated rights

45
Q

what are unenumerated rights

A

rights that aren’t directly listed but are still given to the people

46
Q

example of unenumerated rights

A

privacy within relationships, privacy in your body for abortions

47
Q

tenth amendment

A

anything not delegated nor prohibited to states is state power, reserved powers

48
Q

eleventh amendment

A

jurisdiction of federal courts

49
Q

12th amendment

A

12th separated president and vice president on ballot

50
Q

13th amendment

A

abolished slavery

51
Q

14th amendment

A

citizenship clause, due process clause, equal protection clause; state cannot deny any

52
Q

citizenship clause

A

all people born in the U.S are citizens of the U.S

53
Q

equal protection clause

A

prohibits states from denying any person within its jurisdiction equal protection of the law

54
Q

selective incorporation

A

no state can deny constitutional rights of citizens

55
Q

why are the 3 clauses in the 14th amendment important

A

they brought the Bill of Rights down to a state level

56
Q

15th amendment

A

african american males can vote

57
Q

16th amendment

A

federal income tax

58
Q

17th amendment

A

direct election of senators

59
Q

18th amendment

A

banned use of alcoholic beverages

60
Q

19th amendment

A

women can vote

61
Q

20th amendment

A

shortened time between election and when presidents are sworn into office

62
Q

when were the lame duck periods for presidents and when are they now

A

original- march 20th
now- january 20th

63
Q

when were the lame duck periods for congress and when are they now

A

original- march 3rd
now- january 3rd

64
Q

21st amendment

A

repeal of prohibition

65
Q

22nd amendment

A

limits president to 2 terms (8 years, 10 max)

66
Q

23rd amendment

A

awarded D.C 3 electoral votes and residents the right to vote1

67
Q

23rd amendment

A

awarded D.C 3 electoral votes and residents the right to vote

68
Q

24th amendment

A

prohibited poll tax

69
Q

25th amendment

A

president succession and disability

70
Q

order of succession if present dies

A

vice president, speaker of the house, president protempore, secretary of state

71
Q

26th amendment

A

voting age lowered to 18

72
Q

27th amendment

A

congress members can vote themselves a pay raise

73
Q

plessy vs ferguson

A

seperate but equal- segregation

74
Q

brown vs board of education

A

overturned plessy vs ferguson

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