Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Justin Lyle Cards > AP Exam 4 part VII > Flashcards

AP Exam 4 part VII Flashcards

1
Q

dramatic improvement of mortality in anesthesia secondary to __________________

A

safety monitoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is safety monitoring

A

extending human senses through electronic monitoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what 3 complications account for the greatest percentage of death in anesthesia

A
  1. adverse effects of anesthesia in therapeutic use (>40%) 2. opioids and analgesics (~20%) 3. unspecified G.A and unspecified anesthetic both (>10%)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

mortality percentage in OB

A

3.60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

mortality percentage that is due to cardiac complications

A

2.70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

mortality percentage r/t difficult airway

A

2.30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

mortality percentage r/t MH

A

1%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which components of anesthesia are seeing an increase in mortality malpractice claims?

A
  1. regional (16%) 2. chronic pain management (18%) 3. Acute pain (9%)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

deaths related specifically to surgical anesthesia has ______________

A

decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

as physical status classification increases, the mortality rate from anesthesia __________________

A

increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the most common complication of anesthesia in the ASA closed claims project data base

A

death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

physical status 1

A

normal healthy patient, no functional limitations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

physical status 2

A

mild system dz, but no fx’al limitations (controlled HTN, asthma, DMT2, tobacco, pregnancy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

physical status 3

A

patients with mod-severe dz with some fx’al limitation (poor controlled HTN/COPD/CHF/CAD with old MI, morbid obesity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

physical status 4

A

pts with severe systemic dz that is a constant threat to life, possiblity of death (unstable angina, sx’atic COPD with supplemental O2, hepatorenal failure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

physical status 5

A

pts who are moribound, not expected to survive without the operation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

physical status 6

A

pts declared brain dead, organ donors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

define morbidity

A

indicative of dz, incorporating any complication during the perioperative period, excluding death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

most common events leading to injury (morbidity) in anesthesia claims

A
  1. regional (20%) 2. Respiratory events (17%) 3. CV events (13%) 4. equipment problems (10%)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

minor morbidity

A

moderate distress without prolonged hospital stay, no permanent complications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

PONV would be an example of what type of morbidity

A

minor

22
Q

intermediate morbidity

A

serious distress prolonging hospital stay, no permanent complications

23
Q

dental injury during surgery would be what type of morbidity

A

intermediate

24
Q

major morbidity

A

permanent disability ro complication

25
Q

spinal cord injury or anoxic brain injury are examples of wht type of morbidity

A

major morbidity

26
Q

which anesthesia morbidity claims are increasing?

A
  1. acute pain (8%) 2. chronic pain (18%) 3. MAC (10%)
27
Q

what morbidity claims in anesthesia are decreasing

A

obstetrics

28
Q

claims of morbidity in regional anesthesia have had what trend?

A

remained steady

29
Q

incidence of minor morbidity in anesthesia are ____________ (high/low)

A

high

30
Q

what are some examples of common minor morbidity (adverse outcomes) with anesthesia

A
  1. hoarsness 2. PONV 3. accidental dural puncture 4. equipment malfunction 5. medication error
31
Q

human errors are the contribution to _______________% of anesthesia related morbidity and mortality

A

51-77%

32
Q

what factors of human error have been identified as contributing to most anesthesia related morbidity and mortality

A
  1. lack of team work 2. communication breakdown 3. absence of help
33
Q

what is the 7th leading cause of pregnancy related mortality?

A

anesthesia complications

34
Q

what are important risk factors that increase risk of mortality in anesthesia related maternal (OB) mortality

A

obesity and AA race

35
Q

what is the greatest challenge anesthesia providers face with pts of advanced age?

A

preventing, detecting, and managing M&M

36
Q

______________ is characterized by subtle deterioration in cognitive fx such as: memory deficits, difficult concentration, impaired comprehension, and delayed psychomotor speed

A

POCD

37
Q

POCD has what effects on quality of life

A
  1. inability to work 2. decline in ADLs 3. possibly need for assistance
38
Q

establishing ___________________ in the advanced age population prior to surgery is critical

A

baseline cognitive fx (b/c cognitive impairment could be present prior to surgery)

39
Q

prevention of POCD

A
  1. maintain oxygenation and perfusion 2. surgeries short and minimally invasive as possible
40
Q

_______________ is a biologic state associated with multisystem physiologic deterioration

A

frailty

41
Q

primary fraility

A

intrinsic process of aging

42
Q

secondary frailty

A

end stage of chronic illness (CHF/COPD), and is caused by inflammation and wasting

43
Q

physiologic parameters for testing fraility

A
  1. grip strength 2. weight loss 3. walking speed 4. energy level 5. physical activity
44
Q

“frail” older adults (those with fraility) are more likely to have _______________ post operatively, and have ________________ resistance to stressors

A

adverse outcomes; decreased

45
Q

intraoperative cardiac arrest is a _____________ factor, not a ______________ factor

A

concomitant; causative

46
Q

cardiac arrest during neuraxial anesthesia is _________________ frequent compared to general

A

less

47
Q

categories of causative factors of perioperative cardiac arrest

A
  1. preoperative complications (65%): comorbidities, inadequate risk estimation, misjudgment/human error 2. surgical procedures (24%): excessive surgical bleeding 3. intraoperative pathologic events (9%): MI, PE, arrhythmia 4. anesthetic management (2%): airway, med error, infusion/transufion mishap
48
Q

_________________ is the leading cause of death in the US with ______% of patients dying before reaching emergency assistance

A

sudden cardiac arrest ; 95

49
Q

________________ is the most common underlying cause of sudden cardiac arrest in young athletes

A

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: long QT syndrome

50
Q

what parts of anesthesia provokes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (long QT syndrome) in those pts without previous dx or abnormal preoperative clinical finiding

A

induction/intubation/sympathomimetics

Justin Lyle Cards (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions