Aortic Stenosis

Question 1

When do the structural abnormalities occur in aortic stenosis?

Answer 1

At Birth- valve has 2 cusps instead of 3

Over many years- the valve becomes calcified and narrowed (stenosed)

Question 2

What happens to the left ventricle in aortic stenosis?

Answer 2

It becomes hypertrophied

Question 3

In which group of patients is aortic stenosis most common?

Answer 3

Males over 65

Question 4

What symptoms occur with aortic stenosis?

Answer 4

Angina type chest pain
Breathless with exercise
Light-headed with exercise

Question 5

What clinical signs are displayed with aortic stenosis?

Answer 5

‘Ejection systolic’ heart murmur
Reduced pulse pressure
Forceful Apex beat

Question 6

What would the ECG show in aortic stenosis?

Answer 6

QRS increased in size due to more muscular left ventricle

Question 7

What are the different types of valves that are used to replace the stenosed valve?

Answer 7

Prosthetic valves- made of metal or plastic

Tissue valves- Pig valves

Question 8

If a person has a prosthetic valve what other treatment do they require?

Answer 8

Anti-coagulation treatment with warfarin