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Applied Pharmacology > Anxiolytics and Antidepressants > Flashcards

Anxiolytics and Antidepressants Flashcards

1
Q

Types of mood disorder…

A

Bipolar, depression, unipolar and manic-depressive illness.

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2
Q

Symptoms of mood disorders:

A

Depression: dysphoria, low mood, anhedonia, low energy, fatigue.
Mania: elation, talkativeness, creativity, full energy, confidence.

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3
Q

Mechanisms of MOAI…

A

Non-selective blockers of monoamine metabolism treating depression caused by serotonin/noradrenaline imbalance.

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4
Q

Examples of MOAI…

A

Phenelzineu/Nardil - depression bipolar

Tranylcypromine/Parnate - severe depression.

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5
Q

Side Effects of MOAI…

A

Hypertensive crisis, serotonin syndrome, inhibit P450, weight gain, oedema, sexual dysfunction, sedation, impair renal/hepatic function.

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6
Q

Mechanism of Tricyclic Drugs…

A

Non-selective reuptake of noradrenaline/serotonin increasing availability of transmitters to receptors.

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7
Q

Examples of Tricyclic Drugs…

A

Imipramine/Tofranil - depression
Amitriptyline/Elacil - depression
Dozen/Sinequan - depression anxiety

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8
Q

Side effects of Tricyclic Drugs…

A

weight gain, sexual dysfunction, inhibit P450, sedation, dry mouth, blurred vision, dizziness, headache, constipation.

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9
Q

Examples of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors…

A

Fluoxetine/Prozan - depression OCD
Paroxetine/Paxil - depression panic
Sertraline/Zoloft - depression panic
Citalopram/Celexa - depression

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10
Q

Side effects of SSRIs…

A

sexual dysfunction, dependence, weight loss, serotonin syndrome, agitation, disorientation, ataxia, muscle spasms, exaggerated autonomic function, drug interaction BZD/cimetidine/warfarin.

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11
Q

Third Generation Antidepressants…

A

Bupropion.Wellbutri - aminoketone inhibits serotonin/noradren/dopamina reputare.

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12
Q

Examples of Mood Stabilisers…

A

Lithium carbonate/Eskalith lithoid - acute main prophylaxis
Lithium citrate/Cibalith - acute mania prophylaxis
Carbamazepine/Tegretol - main epilepsy
Valproate/Depaxcon - mania epilepsy

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13
Q

Side effects of Mood Stabilisers…

A

Drug interactions, dizziness, headache, confusion, oedema, hair loss, cardiac disarrythmias, nephrotoxicity, acute mania on withdrawal, anti-convulsants, weight loss, birth deformities.

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14
Q

Other ways of treating depression…

A

ECT, CBT, counselling, psychotherapy.

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15
Q

Mechanism of Anxiolytics…

A

Non-specific CNS depressants alleviating distress.

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16
Q

Examples of sedative-hypnotics…

A

Thiopental/Pentothal - prepare for surgery.
Secobarbital/Seconal - insomnia agitation.
Phenobarbital/Luminal - insomnia, seizures.
Zolpidem/Ambien - insomnia

17
Q

Side effects of sedative-hypnotics…

A

suicidal tendencies, drowsiness, hangover, respiratory failure, dependence, seizure.

18
Q

Examples of Benzodiazepines…

A

Diazepam/Valium - anxiety stress.
Alprazolam/Xanax - anxiety panic
Temazepam/Restoril - short term insomnia
Lorazepam/Ativan - anxiety, status epileptics, pre-op sedation, amnesia.

19
Q

Side effects of Benzodiazepines…

A

accumulation of metabolites, over sedation, CNS depression, ataxia, headache, dry mouth, blurred vision, dizziness, memory loss, hypotension, G| disturbances.

20
Q

Examples of Non-Benzodiazepine

A

Buspirone/BuSpar - anxiety, depression, short term.

21
Q

Side effects of Non-Benzodiazepines…

A

dizziness, headache, insomnia, nausea, dry mouth, blurred vision, mood change, palpitations.

22
Q

Symptoms of Schizophrenia…

A

+ = hallucinations, delusions, bizzarre thought.
- = social withdrawal, flattened mood, apathy.
difficult to understand, disorganised and unable to distinguish between real/unreal experiences.

23
Q

Examples of Antipsychotics (D2 receptor antagonists)…

A

Chlorpromazine/Thorazine - psychosis, schiz, child behaviour.
Fluphenazine/Prolixin - psychosis, schiz.
Haloperidol/Haldol - psychosis, severe behaviour.
Loxapine/Loxitane - mood management, schiz.

24
Q

Side effects of D2 receptor antagonists…

A

parkinsonism, tremor, akinesia, muscle rigidity, sedation, hypotension, impaired thermoregulation, lactation, neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

25
Q

Examples of Atypical Antipsychotics…

A

Clozapine/Clozaril
Amisulphride/Solian
Risperidone/Risperfal
Onlazepine/Zyprexa

26
Q

Side effects of Atypical Antipsychotics…

A

neuroleptic malignancy, headache, blurred vision, insomnia, photosensitivity, nervousness, dizziness, GI distress, glaucoma, urinary retention, peptic ulcer, dysrhythmias, hepatic dysfunction, weight gain.

Applied Pharmacology (13 decks)

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